Lactic Acid (shown below) is built up in the body during intense workouts as a result of glycolysis. Please denote if the compound is R or S. Also, explain at least two intermolecular forces it would exhibit. Would you expect this compound to be soluble in water?

Q: Which of the following is FALSE about glycolysis?

A: Glycolysis is breakdown of glucose into pyruvate or lactate. Enzymes for glycolysis are located in…

Q: If lactic acid is the buildup product of strenuous muscle activity, why is sodium lactate often…

A: Lactic acid : it is a chemical byproduct of anaerobic respiration - the process by which cells…

Q: Using words, outline a pathway for the metabolism of 2 glutamic acid  to glucose?

A: Asked : Pathway for the metabolism of 2 glutamic acid  to glucose

Q: Why does it make metabolic sense for the same hormone signal to stimulate glycogenolysis and inhibit…

A: The muscles and the liver respond in distinct ways to the same hormone signal, thus participating in…

Q: For 100 words. What are the two essential requirements to effectively carry out metabolic work?

A: A metabolic pathway is a linked series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell. In most cases…

Q: is this stement false? Intracellular concentrations in resting muscle are as follows:…

A: No. This statement is not false.

Q: Which of the following is the Haworth Projection of Glucose?

A: The cyclic structure in Haworth projection displays the ring as flat. In the associated Haworth…

Q: What is the rationale for the inhibition of muscle glycogen phosphorylase by glucose 6- phosphate…

A: Glycogenolysis- breaking down of molecular glycogen into glucose.  Glycolysis- glucose molecules…

Q: Human blood serum contains a class of enzymes known as acid phosphatases, which hydrolyze biological…

A: Acid phosphatases are the hydrolytic enzymes that release phosphate ions from various substrates.…

Q: Discuss the relationship between lactic acid and lactate.

A: Lactic acid is producing by the body when oxygen is low it needs to convert glucose into energy.…

Q: Which are the Two paths are available to this glucose 6-phosphate?

A: The study of chemical reactions that occurs within living organisms is called biochemistry. This…

Q: Which of the following are associated with a highly active Glycogen Phosphorylase pathway?

A: Glycogen phosphrylase is an enzyme which undertakes phosphoroclastic cleavage into glycogen, thus…

Q: The following molecule is required for the activation of uridylytransferase   A. Glycine   B.…

A: Apoenzymes are not functionally active while  coenzymes are organic nonprotein molecules that bind…

Q: What is the name of the by-product of anaerobic glycolysis that can lead to muscle fatigue and why…

A: A muscle refers to a group of muscle tissue that contracts to generate force. The failure in the…

Q: Define the term glycosphingolipid.

A: Glycolipids contain carbohydrate (either monosaccharide or oligosaccharide) covalently attached to…

Q: What is the process that sustains the redox balance of glycolysis under aerobic conditions

A: A redox reaction is where oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously.  In glycolysis, there is a…

Q: Intracellular concentrations in resting muscle are as follows: fructose6-phosphate, 1.0 mM;…

A: The process of glycolysis runs in the muscle cells, in which fructose-6 phosphate (F6P) is converted…

Q: Which of the following amino acid residues would not participate in general acid-base catalysis? A.…

A: Acid-base catalysis is the reaction mechanism that deals with the transfer of a proton from one…

Q: Which of the following is true about the phosphorylation of proteins? A. Proteins are usually…

A: Protein phosphorylation is a mechanism that helps regulate proteins' function as well as transmit…

Q: Which of the following compounds would you expect to liberate the least free energy when hydrolyzed?…

A: All the given molecules contain high energy bonds. Hydrolysis of these bonds will release free…

Q: What is the approximate number of ATP that are generated from the complete breakdown of triacyl…

A: Complete breakdown of one molecule of triacylglyceride generated approximately 108 ATP molecules.

Q: Compare the amount of ATP formed during the metabolization of glucose, proteins and a fatty acid…

A: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway, in which glucose is metabolized to form ATP and NADH. The end…

Q: What would be the result of a lack of glucose 6-phosphatase activity?

A: Glucose 6-phosphatase deficiency was caused due to lack of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase which…

Q: On a per-carbon basis, where does the largest amount of biologically available energy in…

A: There are two major types of dietary lipids: plant-derived triacylglycerol and animal-derived…

Q: The teenager had intense running exercise causing conversion of sugar to pyruvate to lactate. The…

A: Sugars are converted to pyruvate through the process of glycolysis that occurs in the cytoplasm.…

Q: Which of the following cause and effect relationships below is incorrect?      higher ligand…

A: When the membrane potential of the nerve increases toward the more resting state is known as…

Q: How will high concentrations of AMP, citrate and fructose-2, 6-bisphosphate, respectively, tend to…

A: In regulation of glycolysis different factors are involved which affects the rate of glycolysis.

Q: Why is the conversion of a triglyceride molecule to fatty acids andglycerol a catabolic hydrolysis…

A: Metabolism is defined as the series of biochemical reactions occurring in the cells of a living…

Q: Is the formation of the acyl-enzyme complex a unimolecular (SN1) or biomolecular(SN2) reaction?

A: The most significant difference between a ketone/aldehyde and a carboxylic acid derivative is that…

Q: in clinical chemistry, are enzymatic methods for determining glucose, cholesterol and uric acid more…

A: Introduction In clinical chemistry, a quantitative determination is mostly preferred by chemical or…

Q: Indicate whether each of the following substances is involved in (1) glycogenesis but not…

A: Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in muscle and liver.it is composed of…

Q: In the course of a hypothetical meal, the stomach expands from 0.25 liters to 1.25 liters. If we…

A: The stomach is the gastrointestinal tract organ responsible for the digestion of food by secreting…

Q: True or False   c. Glycogen synthase catalyzes the synthesis of α-1,6 linkages.  True False   d.…

A: Glycogen is an extensively branched glucose polymer that is found only in animals and is used as an…

Q: What enzyme(s) control the total levels of cGMP in a cell? Is guanylyl cyclase one of the enzymes?

A: Cyclic GMP or cGMP is a second messenger molecule during the process of signal transduction.

Q: Gierke disease (glycogenosis) arises in the inherited defect of glucose-6- phosphatase and is…

A: Glucose is the primary source of energy for the body, which is metabolized through the glycolytic…

Q: Intramitochondrial ATP concentrations are about 5 mM, and phosphate concentration is about 10 mM. If…

A: According to the given information, the energy charge is the concentration of ATP plus half the ADP…

Q: which intermolecular interaction is being disrupted when a protein is denatured using heavy metals?

A: Heavy metal refers to a metallic chemical element with a high density. It is toxic or poisonous at…

Q: Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of Cholesteryl ester to cholesterol and fatty acid?…

A: Cholesteryl ester is a dietary lipid that is an ester of cholesterol. The carboxylate group of fatty…

Q: Which of the following is true about the process of oxidative phosphorylation?

A: Mitochondria, also known as the powerhouse of the cell is the site of oxidative phosphorylation or…

Q: Why is oxidative catabolism referred to as “aerobic”?

A: Aerobic means presence of oxygen all the chemical reaction which occur in the presence of oxygen…

Q: ATP synthase is a protein that catalyzes the formation of the energy storage molecule adenosine…

A: Given: ATP synthase is the protein that catalyzes the formation of the energy storage molecule…

Q: If an octapeptide IDEWLVAS is digested with chymotrypsin enzyme, which column would you use?…

A: Chymotrypsin is a digestive enzyme of a super family of enzymes named serine proteases. Chymotrypsin…

Q: In large groups of muscles, such as the quadriceps, anatomical regions may be designated as surface…

A: There are seven types of muscle fibbers based on their twitching ability, and they are: I (Slow…

Q: Which of the following enzyme sequences correctly orders the enzymes that catalyze the first phase…

A: Glycolysis is breakdown of glucose into pyruvate(aerobic oxidation) or lactate(anaerobic oxidation).…

Q: Please calculate the ΔG of glucose transport into the cell if the concentration of glucose is 1mM…

A: ΔG = R T  ln ([glucose]in)/([glucose]out) Concentration of glucose inside = 1mM   Concentration of…

Q: On a per-carbon basis, where does the largest amount of biologically available energy in…

A: The triacylglycerol are molecules in which the hydroxyl group of glycerol is esterified with fatty…

Q: Write the rest of the reactions that constitute the urea cycle using structural formulas. Name the…

A: In body , there are lots of chemical reactions as well metabolic pathways takes place . These…

Q: Why lactic acid is produced during a prolonged strenuous activity?

A: Aerobic cellular respiration is responsible for producing energy in most of the normal activities…

Q: Intracellular concentrations in resting muscle are as follows: fructose- 6-phosphate, 1.0 mM;…

A: Given Information: [Fructose-6-phosphate] = 1 mM [Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate] = 10 mM [AMP] = 0.1 mM…

Q: Which of the following could be produced by combining one glycerol molecule and three fatty acid…

A: Hydrocarbons: The most basic monomer that produces a general hydrocarbon structure is the CH2 unit.…