In organisms that reproduce sexually, mutations in [Select ] cells are passed from parent to offspring, but mutations that are found in [Select] because they are not heritable. cells are not
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![In organisms that reproduce sexually,
mutations in [Select ]
cells are passed from parent to offspring, but
mutations that are found in
[Select]
because they are not heritable.
cells are not](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fbd626d31-b236-4f70-9ac1-23fb6f5a7d12%2F3ac05793-2380-41fc-9575-f697b9aff55f%2F4snov9p_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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- Humans and many other complex organisms are diploid, possessing two sets of genes, one inherited from the mother and one from the father. However, a number of eukaryotic organisms spend most of their life cycles in a haploid state. Many of these eukaryotes, such as Neurospora and yeast, still undergo meiosis and sexual reproduction, but most of the cells that make up the organism are haploid. Considering that haploid organisms are fully capable of sexual reproduction and generating genetic variation, why are most complex eukaryotes diploid? In other words, what might be the evolutionary advantage of existing in a diploid state instead of a haploid state? And why might a few organisms, such as Neurospora and yeast, exist as haploids?In yeast, LYS5, ADE1, and URA2 are genes required to synthesize lysine, adenine and uracil, respectively. A MATa lys5 ADE1 URA2 haploid was mated to a MATA LYS5 ade1 ura2 haploid to make a triply heterozygous diploid. This diploid was put through meiosis, 100 tetrads were dissected and the spore colonies transferred to medium lacking either lysine, adenine or uracil to determine which spores were prototrophic or auxotrophic for those nutrients. The following results were obtained: LYS5-ADE1 ADE1-URA2 LYS5-URA2 PD NPD Ι 20 22 58 18 20 62 50 8 42 Based on this information, select the statements below that are TRUE. Select 4 correct answer(s) A) The LYS5 and URA2 genes are linked. B) The genotypes of the four spores in the ADE1-URA2 tetratypes is ade1 ura2 ade1 URA2 ADE1 ura2 ADE1 URA2 C) The map distance between ADE1 and URA2 is 51 CM. D) ADE1 and URA2 are likely located on the same chromosome. E) The map distance between LYS5 and URA2 is 29 CM. ☐ F) LYS5 and ADE1 independently assort…You are an allele on a single uncondensed chromosome in a Yellowfever-carrying mosquito (Aedes aegypti) diploid cell (2n = 6). Demonstrate in as much detail as possible (1) how you will get to each genetically identical diploid cell of the multicellular offspring; (2) how you will get to the next generation of sexually reproduced progeny. Help, I no understand. Perhaps you will?
- In Drosophila, two mutations, Stubble (Sb) and curled (cu), are linked on chromosome III. Stubble is a dominant gene that is lethal in a homozygous state, and curled is a recessive gene. If a female of the genotype Sb cu + + is to be mated to detect recombinants among her offspring, what male genotype would you choose as a mate?Groodies are useful (but fictional) haploid organisms that are pure genetic tools. A wild-type groody has a fat body, a long tail, and flagella. Mutant lines are known that have thin bodies, are tailless, or do not have flagella. Groodies can mate with one another (although they are so shy that we do not know how) and produce recombinants. A wild-type groody mates with a thin-bodied groody lacking both tail and flagella. The 1000 baby groodies produced are classified as shown in theillustration here. Assign genotypes, and map the three genes. (Problem 25 is from Burton S. Guttman.)Explain why the following statement is false: Sexual reproduction is the only mechanism for genetic change.
- In eukaryotic species, sexual reproduction is the producer of genetic diversity. Describe three ways( and the stages they occur in) that Meosis and fertilization introduce new combinations of genes to organisms?A diploid species has 3 pairs of chromosomes in its somatic cells. In males, the first pair is large submetacentric[1]; the second is medium acrocentric[2], and the third is small telocentric[3]. In females, the first two pairs are like those of the males while the third is large metacentric[4][5], with satellite4 Illustrate the karyograms (drawing/picture of the chromosome) of the following: A triploid cell in females tetrasomic cell in males tetraploid cell in females [1] submetacentric --centrosome is just above the middle of the chromosome [2] acrocentric --centrosome is much higher location than submetacentric so that the “p” arm of the chromosome is much shorter than the q arm [3] telocentric --the centromere is at the end of the chromosome [4] metacentric --centrosome is in the middle of the chromosome; thus the “p-arm” and the “q-arm” or both arms of the chromosome are equal in length [5] satellite-a constriction in an arm of a chromosome, aside…Wild-type strains of the haploid fungus Neurospora canmake their own tryptophan. An abnormal allele td renders the fungus incapable of making its own tryptophan.An individual of genotype td grows only when its medium supplies tryptophan. The allele su assorts independently of td; its only known effect is to suppress the tdphenotype. Therefore, strains carrying both td and su donot require tryptophan for growth.a. If a td ; su strain is crossed with a genotypically wildtype strain, what genotypes are expected in the progenyand in what proportions?b. What will be the ratio of tryptophan-dependent totryptophan-independent progeny in the cross of part a?
- An individual is heterozygous for a reciprocal translocation, with the following chromosomes: A • B C D E F A • B C V W X R ST • U D E F R ST • U V W X Q. Explain why the fertility of this individual is likely to be less than the fertility of an individual without a translocation.The mutations called bobbed in Drosophila result from variable reductions (deletions) in the number of amplified genes coding for rRNA. Researchers trying to maintain bobbed stocks have often documented their tendency to revert to wild type in successive generations. Propose a mechanism based on meiotic recombination which could account for this reversion phenomenon. Why would wild-type flies become more prevalent in Drosophila cultures?A somatic cell has the genotype DdEe. All chromosomes in this organism are metacentric. Show metaphase and the results of mitosis if the D and E locus are linked on the same chromosome in trans configuration. A sexually reproducing organism has the following phenotype DdEeAaTt: The D and E loci are on the same arm of a metacentric chromosome in cis configuration. The A locus is on the long arm of an acrocentric chromosome and the T locus is on a telocentric chromosome. 2.1. What is the haploid number of this organism? 2.2. Using diagrams show a ceii at metaphase of mitosis and show the results of mitosis.