A diploid species has 3 pairs of chromosomes in its somatic cells. In males, the first pair is large submetacentric[1]; the second is medium acrocentric[2], and the third is small telocentric[3].  In females, the first two pairs are like those of the males while the third is large metacentric[4][5], with satellite4 Illustrate the karyograms (drawing/picture of the chromosome) of the following:   A triploid cell in females

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
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Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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  1. A diploid species has 3 pairs of chromosomes in its somatic cells. In males, the first pair is large submetacentric[1]; the second is medium acrocentric[2], and the third is small telocentric[3].  In females, the first two pairs are like those of the males while the third is large metacentric[4][5], with satellite4 Illustrate the karyograms (drawing/picture of the chromosome) of the following:  
    1. A triploid cell in females

 

 

 

 

  1. tetrasomic cell in males

 

 

 

 

  1. tetraploid cell in females

 

 

[1] submetacentric --centrosome is just above the middle of the chromosome 

[2] acrocentric --centrosome is much higher location than submetacentric  so that the “p” arm of the chromosome is much shorter than the q arm

[3] telocentric --the centromere is at the end of the chromosome

[4] metacentric --centrosome is in the middle of the chromosome; thus the “p-arm” and the “q-arm” or both arms of the chromosome are equal in length

[5] satellite-a constriction in an arm of a chromosome, aside from the centromere; causing the end of that arm of the said chromosome to “bulge” 

 

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