In an isometric contraction, the muscle ________." shortens without a load does not change in length but increases tension is not stimulated by a motor neuron is unable form cross-bridges and fails to develop tension Which method of regenerating ATP is used in a very short duration activity, such as a 100m sprint, because it is the most rapid method of regenerating ATP?" aerobic respiration in the mitochondria glycolysis in the mitochondria anaerobic respiration in the cytoplasm (or cytosol) breaking a phosphate bond on phosphocreatine The metabolic pathway that results in the production of two net ATPs per glucose plus two pyruvic acid molecules ________. only occurs within the mitochodria is called glycolysis only occurs when there is no oxygen present is the main method of generating ATP for maximum effort activities that last 1-2 Where does overÊ95% of a skeletal muscle cell's energyÊcome from during both rest andÊmoderate exercise? creatine phosphate lactic acid anaerobic glycolysis aerobic respiration During vigorous exercise, there may be insufficient oxygen available to completely break down pyruvic acid for energy. As a result, the pyruvic acid is converted to ________." a strong base stearic acid hydrochloric acid lactic acid After vigorous activity is terminated the rate of oxygen consumption remains high for a short period because muscle cells must replentish_____. their supply of ATP their supply of creatine phosphate the oxygen that was stored by their myoglobin their glycogen ALL OF THE ABOVE NONE OF THE ABOVE A muscle cell can produce the most force when it _____. has shortened to about half its resting length has shortened to 85% of its resting length has been stretched to slightly longer than its resting length has been stretched to about twice its resting length The length of a muscle fiber has no effect on the amount of force it can produce. Hypothetically, if a muscle were stretched to the point where thick and thin filaments no longer overlapped, ________." cross bridge attachment would be optimum because of all the free binding sites on actin no muscle tension could be generated maximum force production would result because the muscle has a maximum range of travel " ATP consumption would increase because the sarcomere is ""trying"" to contract" Reflecting their different needs, fast muscle fibers contain large ____________ reserves whereas slow fibers contain the oxygen-carrying pigment ____________." glycogen; myoglobin fat; hemoglobin myoglobin; glycogen hemoglobin; myoglobin Which type of muscle fibers contain more mitchondria? fast glycolytic slow oxidative Which type of muscle fibers contain more myofibrils in parallel? fast glycolytic slow oxidative Which type of muscle fibers have a greater blood supply (more capillaries)? fast glycolytic slow oxidative Muscle hypertrophy refers to _______ while muscle atrophy refers to _______. "an increase in muscle strength and diameter, a decrease in muscle strength and diameter" "an increase in the number of motor units in a muscle, a decrease in the number of motor units in a muscle" "the effect of rest on muscle cells, the effect of endurance exercise on muscle cells" all of the above are correct When a muscle gets thicker in diameter, this is mainly due to an increase in the _____." number of muscle cells through mitosis diameter of individual muscle cells

In an isometric contraction, the muscle __." shortens without a load does not change in length but increases tension is not stimulated by a motor neuron is unable form cross-bridges and fails to develop tension Which method of regenerating ATP is used in a very short duration activity, such as a 100m sprint, because it is the most rapid method of regenerating ATP?" aerobic respiration in the mitochondria glycolysis in the mitochondria anaerobic respiration in the cytoplasm (or cytosol) breaking a phosphate bond on phosphocreatine The metabolic pathway that results in the production of two net ATPs per glucose plus two pyruvic acid molecules . only occurs within the mitochodria is called glycolysis only occurs when there is no oxygen present is the main method of generating ATP for maximum effort activities that last 1-2 Where does overÊ95% of a skeletal muscle cell's energyÊcome from during both rest andÊmoderate exercise? creatine phosphate lactic acid anaerobic glycolysis aerobic respiration During vigorous exercise, there may be insufficient oxygen available to completely break down pyruvic acid for energy. As a result, the pyruvic acid is converted to ." a strong base stearic acid hydrochloric acid lactic acid After vigorous activity is terminated the rate of oxygen consumption remains high for a short period because muscle cells must replentish_. their supply of ATP their supply of creatine phosphate the oxygen that was stored by their myoglobin their glycogen ALL OF THE ABOVE NONE OF THE ABOVE A muscle cell can produce the most force when it _. has shortened to about half its resting length has shortened to 85% of its resting length has been stretched to slightly longer than its resting length has been stretched to about twice its resting length The length of a muscle fiber has no effect on the amount of force it can produce. Hypothetically, if a muscle were stretched to the point where thick and thin filaments no longer overlapped, ." cross bridge attachment would be optimum because of all the free binding sites on actin no muscle tension could be generated maximum force production would result because the muscle has a maximum range of travel " ATP consumption would increase because the sarcomere is ""trying"" to contract" Reflecting their different needs, fast muscle fibers contain large reserves whereas slow fibers contain the oxygen-carrying pigment __." glycogen; myoglobin fat; hemoglobin myoglobin; glycogen hemoglobin; myoglobin Which type of muscle fibers contain more mitchondria? fast glycolytic slow oxidative Which type of muscle fibers contain more myofibrils in parallel? fast glycolytic slow oxidative Which type of muscle fibers have a greater blood supply (more capillaries)? fast glycolytic slow oxidative Muscle hypertrophy refers to _ while muscle atrophy refers to _. "an increase in muscle strength and diameter, a decrease in muscle strength and diameter" "an increase in the number of motor units in a muscle, a decrease in the number of motor units in a muscle" "the effect of rest on muscle cells, the effect of endurance exercise on muscle cells" all of the above are correct When a muscle gets thicker in diameter, this is mainly due to an increase in the _." number of muscle cells through mitosis diameter of individual muscle cells

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter8: Muscle Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2TAHL

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Question

In an isometric contraction, the muscle ________."

shortens without a load
does not change in length but increases tension
is not stimulated by a motor neuron
is unable form cross-bridges and fails to develop tension

Which method of regenerating ATP is used in a very short duration activity, such as a 100m sprint, because it is the most rapid method of regenerating ATP?"

aerobic respiration in the mitochondria
glycolysis in the mitochondria
anaerobic respiration in the cytoplasm (or cytosol)
breaking a phosphate bond on phosphocreatine

The metabolic pathway that results in the production of two net ATPs per glucose plus two pyruvic acid molecules ________.

only occurs within the mitochodria
is called glycolysis
only occurs when there is no oxygen present
is the main method of generating ATP for maximum effort activities that last 1-2

Where does overÊ95% of a skeletal muscle cell's energyÊcome from during both rest andÊmoderate exercise?

creatine phosphate
lactic acid
anaerobic glycolysis
aerobic respiration

During vigorous exercise, there may be insufficient oxygen available to completely break down pyruvic acid for energy. As a result, the pyruvic acid is converted to ________."

a strong base
stearic acid
hydrochloric acid
lactic acid

After vigorous activity is terminated the rate of oxygen consumption remains high for a short period because muscle cells must replentish_____.

their supply of ATP
their supply of creatine phosphate
the oxygen that was stored by their myoglobin
their glycogen
ALL OF THE ABOVE
NONE OF THE ABOVE

A muscle cell can produce the most force when it _____.

has shortened to about half its resting length
has shortened to 85% of its resting length
has been stretched to slightly longer than its resting length
has been stretched to about twice its resting length
The length of a muscle fiber has no effect on the amount of force it can produce.

Hypothetically, if a muscle were stretched to the point where thick and thin filaments no longer overlapped, ________."

cross bridge attachment would be optimum because of all the free binding sites on actin
no muscle tension could be generated
maximum force production would result because the muscle has a maximum range of travel
" ATP consumption would increase because the sarcomere is ""trying"" to contract"

Reflecting their different needs, fast muscle fibers contain large ____________ reserves whereas slow fibers contain the oxygen-carrying pigment ____________."

glycogen; myoglobin
fat; hemoglobin
myoglobin; glycogen
hemoglobin; myoglobin

Which type of muscle fibers contain more mitchondria?

fast glycolytic
slow oxidative

Which type of muscle fibers contain more myofibrils in parallel?

fast glycolytic
slow oxidative

Which type of muscle fibers have a greater blood supply (more capillaries)?

fast glycolytic
slow oxidative

Muscle hypertrophy refers to _______ while muscle atrophy refers to _______.

"an increase in muscle strength and diameter, a decrease in muscle strength and diameter"
"an increase in the number of motor units in a muscle, a decrease in the number of motor units in a muscle"
"the effect of rest on muscle cells, the effect of endurance exercise on muscle cells"
all of the above are correct

When a muscle gets thicker in diameter, this is mainly due to an increase in the _____."

number of muscle cells through mitosis
diameter of individual muscle cells

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