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C++ PROGRAMMING Topic: Binary Search Trees Explain the c++ code below.: SEE ATTACHED PHOTO FOR THE PROBLEM INSTRUCTIONS

C++ PROGRAMMING Topic: Binary Search Trees Explain the c++ code below.: SEE ATTACHED PHOTO FOR THE PROBLEM INSTRUCTIONS

Database System Concepts
Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1PE
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C++ PROGRAMMING
Topic: Binary Search Trees

Explain the c++ code below.: SEE ATTACHED PHOTO FOR THE PROBLEM INSTRUCTIONS 

It doesn't have to be long, as long as you explain what the important parts of the code do. (The code is already implemented and correct, only the explanation needed) 


node* left(node* p) {    
        return p->left;
    }

    node* right(node* p) {
        return p->right;
    }

    node* sibling(node* p){
        if(p != root){
            node* P = p->parent;
            if(left(P) != NULL && right(P) != NULL){
                if(left(P) == p){
                    return right(P);
                }
                    return left(P);
            }
        }
        return NULL;
    }

    node* addRoot(int e) {
        if(size != 0){
            cout<<"Error"<<endl;
            return NULL;
        }
        root = create_node(e,NULL);
        size++;
        return root;
    }

    node* addLeft(node* p, int e) {
        if(p->left == NULL){
            node* newLeft = create_node(e,NULL);
            newLeft->parent = p;
            p->left = newLeft;
            size++;
            return left(p);
        }
        cout << "Error" << endl;
        return NULL;
    }

    node* addRight(node* p, int e) {
        
         if(p->right == NULL){
            node* newRight = create_node(e,NULL);
            newRight->parent = p;
            p->right = newRight;
            size++;
            return right(p);
        }
        cout << "Error" << endl;
        return NULL;
        
    }

    int _size() {
        return size;
    }

    bool isEmpty() {
        return (size==0);
    }

    int childCount(node* p) {
        bool Cright = false;
        bool Cleft = false;
        if(p->right != NULL){
            Cright = true;
        }
        if(p->left != NULL){    
            Cleft = true; 
        }
        if(Cleft == true && Cright== true){
            return 2;
        }
        if(Cright){
            return 1;
        }
        if(Cleft){
            return -1;
        }
        return 0;
        
    }

    int set(node* p, int e) {
        int elem = p->element;
        p->element = e;
        return elem;
    }

    node* addSibling(node* p, int e) {

        node* P = p->parent;
        if(P != NULL){
            if(sibling(p) == NULL){
                if(sibling(p) == left(P)){
                    return addLeft(P,e);
                }
                    return addRight(P,e);
            }
        }
        cout<<"Error"<<endl;
        return NULL;
    }

    void clear(){
        clear_postorder(root);
    }

    void attach(node* p, BTree* t1, BTree* t2) {
        
        if(p->right == NULL && p->left == NULL){
            if(t1->root != NULL){
                t1->root->parent = p;
                p->left = t1->root;
            }
           if(t2->root != NULL){
               t2->root->parent = p;
                p->right = t2->root;
           } 
            return;
        }
        cout<<"Error"<<endl;
    }

    int remove(node* p) {
        if(left(p) == NULL || right(p) == NULL){
            node* P = NULL;
            node* childNode = NULL;
            if(p->parent != NULL){
                P = p->parent;
            }
            else{
                P = p; 
                if(left(P) != NULL){
                    childNode = P->left;
                    childNode->parent = NULL;
                    root = childNode;
                }
                else{
                    childNode = P->right;
                    childNode->parent = NULL;
                    root = childNode;
                }
                int elem = P->element;
                free(P);
                size--;
                return elem;
            }
            if(left(P) == p){ 
                if(left(p) != NULL){
                    P->left = childNode;
                    childNode = p->left;
                    if(p->left != NULL || p->right != NULL){   
                        childNode->parent = P;
                    }

                }
                else{
                    childNode = p->right;
                    P->left = childNode;
                    if(p->left != NULL || p->right != NULL){     
                        childNode->parent = P;
                    }
                    
                }  
            }
            else{
                if(left(p) != NULL){
                    childNode = p->left;
                    P->right = childNode;
                    if(p->left != NULL || p->right != NULL){  
                        childNode->parent = P;
                    }
                    
                      
                }
                else{
                    childNode = p->right;
                    P->right = childNode;
                    if(p->left != NULL || p->right != NULL){  
                        childNode->parent = P;
                    }
                    
                } 
            }
            
            int elem = p->element;
            free(p);
            return elem;
            size--;
        }
        cout<<"Error"<<endl;
        return 0;
    }
•node* left(node* p): Returns the position of the left child of p (or NULL if p has no left child). •node* right(node* p): Returns the position of the right child of p (or NULL if p has no right child). •node* sibling(node* p): Returns the position of the sibling of p (or NULL if p has no sibling). •node* addRoot(int e): Creates a root for an empty tree, storing e as the element, and returns the position of that root; an error occurs if the tree is not empty wherein you are going to simply print "Error" with an end line (endl) and return NULL. Do this procedure for all the errors mentioned in this activity. •node* addLeft(node* p, int e): Creates a left child of position p, storing element e, and returns the position of the new node; an error occurs if p already has a left child. •node* addRight(node* p, int e): Creates a right child of position p, storing element e, and returns the position of the new node; an error occurs if p already has a right child. •int _size(): Returns the size of the tree. •bool isEmpty(): Returns true if the tree is empty.
Transcribed Image Text:•node* left(node* p): Returns the position of the left child of p (or NULL if p has no left child). •node* right(node* p): Returns the position of the right child of p (or NULL if p has no right child). •node* sibling(node* p): Returns the position of the sibling of p (or NULL if p has no sibling). •node* addRoot(int e): Creates a root for an empty tree, storing e as the element, and returns the position of that root; an error occurs if the tree is not empty wherein you are going to simply print "Error" with an end line (endl) and return NULL. Do this procedure for all the errors mentioned in this activity. •node* addLeft(node* p, int e): Creates a left child of position p, storing element e, and returns the position of the new node; an error occurs if p already has a left child. •node* addRight(node* p, int e): Creates a right child of position p, storing element e, and returns the position of the new node; an error occurs if p already has a right child. •int _size(): Returns the size of the tree. •bool isEmpty(): Returns true if the tree is empty.
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