A woman climbing the Washington Monument metabolizes 590 kJ of food energy. a. If her efficiency is 19.5 %, how much heat transfer, in kilojoules, occurs to the environment to keep her temperature constant?
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A woman climbing the Washington Monument
a. If her efficiency is 19.5 %, how much
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- (a) How much food energy will a man metabolize in the process of doing 35.0 kJ of work with an efficiency of 5.00%? (b) How much heal transfer occurs to the environment to keep his temperature constant? Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem—Solving Strategy for thermodynamics found in Problem-Solving Strategies for Thermodynamics.(a) What is the best coefficient of performance for a refrigerator that cools an environment at 30.0C and has heat transfer to another environment at 45.0C ? (b) How much work in joules must be done for a heat transfer of 4186 kJ from the cold environment? (c) What is the cost of doing this if the work costs 10.0 cents per 3.60106J (a kilowatthour)? (d) How many kJ of heat transfer occurs into the warm environment? (e) Discuss what type of refrigerator might operate between these temperatures.An aircraft engine takes in 8900 JJ of heat and discards 6700 JJ each cycle. Part A. What is the mechanical work output of the engine during one cycle? Part B. What is the thermal efficiency of the engine? Express your answer as a percentage.
- A power plant has been proposed that would make use of the temperature gradient in the ocean. They system is to operate between 24.0°C (surface water temperature) and 4.95°C (water temperature at a depth of about 1 km). a. What is the maximum efficiency of such a system? Describe the process that would be used to get this maximum efficiency. b. If the useful power output of the plant is 80.0 MW, how much energy is absorbed per hour?Suppose a woman does 650 J of work and 9300 J of heat is transferred from her into the environment in the process. a. What is the change in her internal energy, in joules, assuming she does not consume any food? b. What is her percent efficiency?A heat pump moves heat from the chilly 8°C air outside a house to the toastier 21°C air inside. The actual coefficient of performance of the system is 3.2, a typical value. a. If the system adds 11 kJ to the house each second, how much electric energy is required?
- A 39% maximum efficient coal-fired power plant needs to produce 600 MW of power. A. To achieve maximum efficiency, if the waste water is dumped into a 13 degree Celsius lake, what temperature must the steam be heated to? B. Since coal contains 27 kJ of energy per gram, how many kg of coal must be burned in a day?A heat engine produces 2000 J of work while operating between 210 degrees Celsius and 35 degrees Celsius. a. How much heat (in J; 3 significant figures in scientific notation) is withdrawn from the hot source to produce this much of work? (Format of final answer should be 1.00x10^2) b. Calculate the efficiency of the engine (in percent). c. The root mean square speed of methane is 846 m/s. What is the temperature of the gas (in degrees Celsius)?9. A heat engine does 2000 J of work and it loses 6000 J through the exhaust and friction. What is its efficiency? 10. During an adiabatic process, 20 moles of a monatomic ideal gas undergo a temperature change from 450 K to 320 K starting from an initial pressure is 400 kPa. The ideal gas constant is R= 8.314 J/mol. K. How much heat does the gas exchange during this process? a. b. What is the change in the internal (thermal) energy of the gas during this process?
- 2. a. A group of engineering students designs an electric heater with a power rating of 15 kW. If 10 kg of ice at 200 K is placed in the heater, how many minutes will it take to change ice to steam at 400 K. Assume 100% efficient.The phenomena of "wind chill" is a complicated combination of heat transfer through convection and conduction. The following table estimates the effective temperatures due to wind chill for a variety of air temperatures and wind speeds. a. At what temperature, in degrees Celsius, does still air cause the same effective temperature as -5°C air moving at 15 m/s?The Bodø NATO base in northern Norway uses a heat pump to extract heat from ocean water. 7.0°C ocean water is continuously drawn into the system, heat is extracted, and the water is returned to the ocean at 3.0°C. When the system is working at full capacity, 2000 kW of heat is delivered to the building at the cost of 600 kW of electric energy.a. How much energy is removed from the water (the cold reservoir) each second?b. How much water moves through the system each second?