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- 6. What is the difference between exponential growth in a population (1-shaped curve) and logistic growth (S-shaped curve)?5.Consider the population of Ontario in 1867 (1.5 million) and the population today (13 million). What factors do you think have contributed to a longer lifespan for individuals within this population? What factors have contributed to changes in family sizes? Do you think the lifespan of the average adult is expected to increase for the next few generations? Explain your answersThe age structure diagrams for two hypothetical populations are shown below. Describe the growth rate of each population and discuss the current and future social and economic problems that each is likely to face.
- 1. How do demographic factors affect population size? 2. Are the effects of these factors mutually exclusive?6. A particular genetic disorder is associated with a single gene with two alleles. Individuals with two recessive alleles are affected. The prevalence of the disorder is 1 in 6,600. Assuming the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which of the following is closest to the frequency of carriers in the general population? 0/1 Show Your Work 0.01230 0.00015 0.98770 0.024301. Hunting is one way of reducing population size. Wildlife managers closely watch changes in population numbers of all wildlife species in order to determine legal hunting ‘bag limits’ for each hunter. Depending on changes in population size, hunting bag limits are changed from year to year. In each of the following scenarios, suggest what changes might have occurred in the population in the previous year to warrant these changes in bag limits. (Address all four factors that affect population size.) a.) The mallard duck bag limit has increased from four ducks/day to eight ducks/day. b.) The previous year 1 female black bear could be taken, and up to 3 males could be taken. This year no females can be taken.
- 3. Simplest population model & exponential growth: what do these mean, in words, and how are they related?1. An aquaponics system is a system in which fish and plants are grown together. Shane Ahrens wanted to know if tumbled glass could be used as a media in an aquaponics system. He grew kale in clay and glass (in mesh cups suspended in the water) and measured kale biomass. What is the null hypothesis? What is the alternative hypothesis? Calculate the sample mean and variance for each treatment and then calculate the t statistic and degrees of freedom. Kale Biomass (mg) Clay Glass 17.5 37.1 13.9 31.1 31.2 28.7 29.9 37.5 22.5 28.1 Mean Variance (n, – 1)s², + (n2 – 1)s²2 × n + n2 -2 + n2 d.f. = If you conduct this analysis in R, the output tells you the p-value = 0.042. What conclusion can you make (i.e., accept or reject the null hypothesis)? Explain how you reached this conclusion. Write a sentence as you would for the results section of a paper.5. In 2001, a total of 15,555 homicide deaths occurred among males and 4,753 homicide deaths occurred among females. The estimated 2001 midyear populations for males and females were 139,813,000 and 144,984,000, respectively 1. Calculate the homicide-related death rates for males and for females 2. What type(s) of mortality rates did you calculate in Question 1? 3. Calculate the ratio of homicide- mortality rates for males compared to females. 4. Interpret the rate you calculated in Question 3 as if you were presenting information to a policymaker
- 5. Zebra mussels are an aquatic invasive species that are threatening the diversity and abundance of native species in the lake ecosystems of Alberta. Sylvan Lake is a beautiful recreational lake located in central Alberta. It has a total area of 43 km?. If the population of zebra mussels is estimated to be 128 mussels/200 km?, calculate the size of the zebra mussel population in Sylvan Lake. Show all work. Express your answer as a value rounded to one decimal place:3. You find a population of salamanders that previous researchers have shown is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Some have yellow spots; the allele (Y) that confers yellow spots on an individual is dominant. The frequency of yellow-spotted salamanders in the population is 0.51 What is the frequency of heterozygotes (Yy) in this population? What is the frequency of homozygous dominants (YY) in this population?2. Population dynamics: what does this term mean, and what are the four major processes that influence it?
