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- 32. What are the main components of the cytoskeleton?18. What specific proteins make up the cellular cytoskeleton? What protein would you use to look at spindle fibers?45. Which of the following accurately represents how intermediate filaments differ from actin filaments and microtubules? Only intermediate filaments ... … a) interact with extracellular matrix components. b) associate with motor proteins. c) are composed of the same protein subunits in all cells. d) are polar with plus and minus ends. e) play a purely structural role.
- 1. Describe the relationship between the following cellular structures and contents. a) endoplasmic reticulum and the nuclear envelope B) centriole and microtubules C) ribosome and nucleolus D) plastids and pigments-Mature parent cell Budding- cell 1 μη Test II. Examine the micrograph of the yeast cells. The scale bar under the photo is labeled 1 um. The scale bar works in the same way as a scale on a map, where, for example, 1 inch equals 1 mile. In this case the bar represents one thousandth of a millimeter. Using the scale bar as a basic unit, determine the diameter of the mature parent cell and the new cell. Start by measuring the scale bar and the diameter of each cell. The units you use are irrelevant, but working in millimeters is convenient. Divide each diameter by the length of the scale bar and then multiply by the scale bar's length value to give you the diameter in micrometers.9. The Golgi apparatus has a polarity or sidedness (ie., cis and trans faces) to its structure and function. Which of the following statements correctly describes this polarity? A) Transport vesicles fuse with one side of the Golgi and leave from the opposite side. B) Proteins in the membrane of the Golgi may be sorted and modified as they move from one side of the Golgi to the other. C) Soluble proteins in the cisternae (interior) of the Golgi may be sorted and modified as they move from one side of the Golgi to the other. D) All of the above correctly describe polar characteristics of the Golgi function.
- 1. Lysosome is regarded as a body that is covered by membrane, a little smaller than mitochondrion and functions as storage for several hydrolytic enzymes. The enzymes in lysosome can digest substances that are engulfed by the cell and under certain conditions can destroy the cell itself. (a) Name ONE type of cell in the human body that contains many lysosomes. Explain why the cell contains many lysosomes. (b) State ONE different between the lysosome membrane and the mitochondrion membrane. (c) State ONE special feature of the lysosome membrane. (d) Explain how lysosome acts to release its enzymes in the cell.26. All of the following are typical components of the plasma membrane of a eukaryotic cell EXCEPT (A) glycoproteins (B) cytochromes (C) cholesterol (D) phospholipids (E) integral proteins 27. The rate of division of most vertebrate cells is LEAST likely to be influenced by which of the following? (A) Contact with other cells (B) The availability of nutrients (C) Compounds that inhibit protein synthesis (D) The cell's photoperiod (E) The temperature of the organism 28. During respiration, most ATP is formed as a direct result of the net movement of (A) potassium against a concentration gradient (B) protons down a concentration gradient (C) electrons against a concentration gradient (D) electrons through a channel (E) sodium ions into the cell 29. Which of the following processes is carried out more efficiently by a C4 plant than by a C3 plant? (A) Light absorption (B) Chemiosmotic coupling (D) Photolysis (D) Fixation of CO, (E) Transport of sugars 30. A biologist isolates numerous…18. Why is the structure of the cell outer membrane hydrophobic? (1
- 35. The presence of a ribosomes in the cytoplasm is a characteristic ofWhich of the following is a feature common to all three components of the cytoskeleton?21. Which of the following is the most prominent ultrastructural characteristic of interstitial (Leydig) cells? A) Centrioles B) Numerous microtubules OC) Rough endoplasmic reticulum OD) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum OE) Zymogen granules