Which of the following would NOT increase the "indirect fitness" of an individual? Genetic relatives provisioning resources to that individual The individual helping to care for their siblings The individual provisioning resources to the offspring of their siblings The individual sacrificing themselves for the survival of their genetic relatives
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- what are the key concepts of the fitness? proper explanation and diagramExplain the trade-off between number of offspring and amount of parental investment per offspring. The trade-offs of parenting Parental investment expenditure of time and energy on one offspring Pros: parental investment may inorease the chances of an offspring to sunvive and reproduce w net l e Cons parental in vestmentreduces the parent's abilityb generate additional offspring Parental investmentis a limitedresource Why do males and females have different reproductive strategies? Why do males in many species employ a number-of-offspring strategy while females employ the parental investment strategy? Females are more likely to gain from parental investment: Evolution of sexual reproduction 1. The of tspring they care for have 100% c carrying their genes Divergent selection that favored two alternative reproductive strategies % chance of 2. Their gain from multiple mates is limitedbetter to nvest in parenting than in mating 1. Numberof-ofthoring sategy Individuab whose gametes are good…Which of the following BEST describes the relationship between genotype, phenotype, traits, and the environment? O Organisms acquire traits during their lifetime that alter their phenotype. This allows individuals to better adapt to their surroundings, and to pass on their phenotypes to their offspring regardless of their genes. An organism's phenotype is largely determined by its genes, or genotype. The relationship between an organism's phenotype and its environment determines the frequency of traits in a population. O The relationship between an organism's environment and its genotype determines the type of phenotype it will develop. Phenotypes are largely determined by the environment and organisms display traits that are unrelated to their genes.
- In improving single trait in chicken, which of the following will you expect to have the lowest response to selection? Percent fertility FCR Yolk index Dressing percentageWrite the survivor rate for AA and Aa genotypes (write the answer in decimal numbers, not in fractions) Survivor rate of AA= Survivor rate of Aa= Write the absolute fitness for AA and Aa genotypes (write the answer including two decimal figures) Absolute fitness (W) of AA= Absolute fitness (W) of Aa= Write the relative fitness for AA and Aa genotypes (write the answer in decimal numbers, include two decimal figures) Relative fitness (w) of AA= Relative fitness (w) of Aa= asap please.Which of the following statements about the theories of senescence is correct? Question 2 options: The reason why organisms become old and decrepit is because an individual would often have accumulated too much energy in its lifetime in the form of fat reserve; therefore, an older individual often dies from old-age related diseases. An allele that shows its deleterious effect later in life will always have a smaller impact on an organism's fitness than an allele that shows its deleterious effect early in life. Therefore, late-acting deleterious mutations can be fixed in the population, resulting in shortened lifespans. The allele that can result in early reproduction will always be selected for, even if it comes with a cost of earlier senescence. Typically, for species that live fast would usually die young. None of the above
- Which of the following is a form of a heritable trait that enhances an individual’s fitness? Adaptation Lineage FitnessWhat does it mean that an allele increases an organism's fitness? Choose one of the following: it increases the likelihood of that organism surviving and reproducing in their current environment it increases the health and strength of the organism it increases the likelihood of that organism surviving and reproducing in ANY environmentIn the figure below, which curve represents the offspring future fitness as a function of parental effort, and which represents the future fecundity of the parents as a function of parental effort? What is the total fitness from the offspring's perspective (draw the line)? Which curve would change if drawn from the parent's perspective, and how would it change the optimal investment in a single offspring from the parents' perspective? 1.25 1.0 0.75 0.5 0.25 Parental investment Offspring fitness
- The environment is what selects the best for survival and reproduction. O phenotypes O genotypes O mechanism O habitatExplain why it does not make sense to try to separatethe effects of genes (“nature”) and the environment(“nurture”) in a single individual, while it does make senseto separate genetic and environmental effects on differencesamong individuals.What is meant by "relative fitness"?