22. The blood group by the MN system depends on the combi- nation of the codominant genes CM and CN. Detect the frequency of the M blood group in the human population, where the N blood group frequency is about 0.09. avionado Moog one a) 0.7. b) 0.3. c) 0.49. d) 0.42.
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- 3 (b). The S-s antigen system in human is controlled by two codominant alleles, S and s. In a group of 3146 individuals, the following genotypic frequencies were found: 188 SS, 717 Ss, and 2241 ss. Calculate the frequency of s. O q = 0.8263 O q = 0.9402 O q = 0.4701 O q = 0.14387. Red blood cells can possess a surface antigen called the Rhesus (Rh) factor. Rh+ (presence of the factor) is dominant over Rh¯ (absence). A village of population 400 was sampled and the frequency of the allele coding for Rht was found to be 0.356. a) Determine the number of individuals in the village who will be Rh b) Determine the probability of being heterozygous3 (a). The S-s antigen system in human is controlled by two codominant alleles, S and s. In a group of 3146 individuals, the following genotypic frequencies were found: 188 SS, 717 Ss, and 2241 ss. Calculate the frequency of S. O p = 0.3474 O p = 0.2877 O p = 0.1737 O p = 0.1438
- 2. A sample of 400 individuals is found to contain: 32 A1A1: 36 A1 A2 : 60 A1A3 57 A2A2 : 90 A2A3 : 125 A3A3 a) Find the gene frequencies after one generation of selfing ww b) Find the percent heterozygosity after one generation of selfing. w w c) Find the frequencies of each heterozygous type.5. In a population genetic study of a species of California wild oat, the following genotype frequencies were found for a trait (hairiness of the leaf sheath) which is controlled by a single locus: HH 0.571 Hh 0.071 hh 0.358 a) What are the expected frequencies of these genotypes under Hardy-Weinberg? b) Calculate F. c) Briefly explain what the value in b) implies regarding heterozygosity and suggest what might be going on in this population to explain this result.- 1 attacnment Phenotype Genotype Number MM LMLM 182 MN LMLN 172 NN LNLN 44 Calculate the genotypic frequency of the LMLN genotype? (2 pts) A. 0.457 C. 0.111 B. 0.432 D. 0.216
- 8. Secretors (genotypes SS and Ss) secrete their A and Bblood group antigens into their saliva and other bodyfluids, while nonsecretors (ss) do not. What would bethe apparent phenotypic blood group proportionsamong the offspring of an IAIBSs woman and an IAIASs man if typing was done using saliva?1. A selection experiment was carried out on a population of field mice in the lab had a mean hematocrit of 65. The mice used to create the next generation had a mean hematocrit of 50. Once the offspring from that experiment reached adulthood, the experimenters measure a mean hematocrit of 58. Answer the following questions using this information a). What is the narrow sense heritability for hematocrit in these mice? Show all work b).Using those results, what would be the predicted hematocrit in the offspring population after another generation of selection where only mice with a mean hematocrit 10 points below the parental mean were allowed to breed. Show all work c). Would you expect the narrow sense heritability for a wild population of field mice in Iqaluit to be the same ? Explain.8. Hitchhiker's thumb is the ability to bend the thumb backwards at least 45° is due to a single dominate allele "T". Hitchhiker's thumb Straight thumb You sampled the 48 students in your Biology of Populations class, and determined that 15 individuals have thumbs that could hitch a lift (i.e. bend > 45°). a) Calculate the predicted frequencies of all the genotypes. b) Given what you know about the conditions required for the Hardy-Weinberg principle to be met, do you think this is a reliable prediction? Explain your answer. ||
- . A gene called Q has two alleles, QFand QG, that encode alternative forms of a red blood cell protein thatallows blood group typing. A different, independentlysegregating gene called R has two alleles, RC and RD,permitting a different kind of blood group typing. Arandom, representative population of football fanswas examined, and on the basis of their blood typing,the following distribution of genotypes was inferred(all genotypes were distributed equally betweenmales and females):QFQFRCRC 202QFQG RCRC 101QGQG RCRC 101QFQFRCRD 372QFQG RCRD 186QGQG RCRD 186QFQFRDRD 166QFQG RDRD 83QGQG RDRD 83This sample contains 1480 fans in total.a. Is the population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibriumwith respect to either or both of the Q andR genes?b. After one generation of random mating within thisgroup, what fraction of the next generation of football fans will be QFQF(independent of their Rgenotype)?c. After one generation of random mating, what fraction of the next generation of football fans will…3. The ILRN gene encodes a protein that acts as an antagonist to interleukin receptors. This gene has three alleles represented as A*1, A*2, and A*3. In a study on the relationship between genotype and chronic pain sensitivity, data was collected on the ILRN genotype of 100 people as follows: 50 A*1/A*1 26 A*1/A*2 4 A*1/A*3 10 A*2/A*2 A*2/A*3 A*3/A*3 0 10 A. Calculate the frequency of each allele. B. Determine how many people there would be of each genotype if the population were in Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium and use the Chi-squared test to evaluate how well these expectation fit the observed data1.: Male side-blotched lizards display throat color polymorphisms; some males have orange throats, some have yellow throat stripes, and some have blue throats. The following table gives genotypes observed in a California population in 1993. Genotype Individuals 2 10 oy ob 14 yy 32 yb bb 42 Please calculate: a) The allele frequencies. b) The observed heterozygosity. Note that you have more than one type of heterozygote at this locus. c) The expected heterozygosity.