18. Determine the lime and soda ash dose, in mg/L as CaCO3, to soften the followingwater to a final hardness of 90.0 mg/L as CACO3. If the price of lime, purchased asCaO, is $61.70 per megagram (Mg), and the price of soda ash, purchased as NazCO3is $172.50 per Mg, what is the annual chemical cost of treating 0.050 m'/s of thiswater? Assume the lime is 90% pure and the soda ash is 97% pure. The ion concen-trations reported below are all mg/L as CaCO3.Ca2+ =137.0MgHCO, =197.0=9.0%3D2+= 40.0%3DCO2

The word hardness was originally given to waters that were difficult to wash in, referring to hard…

18. Determine the lime and soda ash dose, in mg/L as CACO3, to soften the following water to a final hardness of 90.0 mg/L as CaCO3. If the price of lime, purchased as CaO, is $61.70 per megagram (Mg), and the price of soda ash, purchased as NazCO is $172.50 per Mg, what is the annual chemical cost of treating 0.050 m'/s of this water? Assume the lime is 90% pure and the soda ash is 97% pure. The ion concen- trations reported below are all mg/L as CaCO3. Ca2+ =137.0 = 40.0 2+ Mg HCO, =197.0 CO2 =9.0 %3D

18. Determine the lime and soda ash dose, in mg/L as CACO3, to soften the following water to a final hardness of 90.0 mg/L as CaCO3. If the price of lime, purchased as CaO, is $61.70 per megagram (Mg), and the price of soda ash, purchased as NazCO is $172.50 per Mg, what is the annual chemical cost of treating 0.050 m'/s of this water? Assume the lime is 90% pure and the soda ash is 97% pure. The ion concen- trations reported below are all mg/L as CaCO3. Ca2+ =137.0 = 40.0 2+ Mg HCO, =197.0 CO2 =9.0 %3D

Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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4-23. Determine the lime and soda ash dose, in mg/L as CaCO3, to soften the following water to a final hardness of less than 90.0 mg/L as CaCO3. If the price of lime, pur- chased as CaO, is $61.70 per megagram (Mg), and the price of soda ash, purchased as Na2CO3, is $172.50 per Mg. What is the annual chemical cost of treating 0.050 m3/s of this water? Assume the lime is 90% pure and the soda ash is 97% pure. Th ion concentrations reported below are all mg/L as CaCO3. Ca?+ 2+ Mg = 137.0 =60.0 0.TE HCO, = 197.0 CO, 3D9.0
7. Calculate the amount of lime (84%) and soda (92%) required for treatment of 20,000 litres of water, whose analysis is as follows: Ca(HCO3)2 = 40.5 ppm; Mg(HCO3)2 = 36.5 ppm; CaSO4 = 34 ppm; CaCl2 = 27.75 ppm; MgSO4 = 30.0 ppm; SiO2 = 3.5 ppm; NaCl = 10 ppm. Also calculate the temporary & permanent hardness of water sample.
In a laboratory we are doing a series of tests on a sample of aggregate. This sample has the wet weight of 586.3 gr and dry weight of 513.9 gr. If the absorption of this aggregate is measured as 2.23%. Calculate the percent of free water in the original wet sample.
4. Lime and soda process is to be designed for the water analysis presented below, The quantity of water to be treated is 12 MGD. Estimate the total hardness, carbonate hardness and non-carbonate hardness. Determine the amount of lime and soda to soften the water to a final hardness of 95 moA as CaCO, Estimate the annual cost of softening if the cost of dry lime (CaO) is a dime per kilogram and cost of soda ash (Na-CO,) is 20 cents per kilogram (assume both compounds to be 90% pure). (AW: Ca-40, Mg-24.3, Na-23, C-12,0-16) acl Constituent mgl mg/las C&CO, Ca 12 Alkalinity CO2 150 Show transcribed image text
2) Two aggregates (Al and A2) were obtained from the field. They were brought to the oven dry condition (OD) and weighed. Data for each of the aggregates is presented in the table below. (Density of water=lg/cm³) Table 1. Absorption capacity and moisture content data. A1 A2 600 g 600 g Field Weight Oven Dry Weight Absorption Capacity (%) | 0.6 % 595.3 g 598.3 g 0.7 % a) Describe the field moisture state of each aggregate, Al and A2 (i.e. wet, SSD, or air dry). For each sample would you add water or dry the sample to bring it to SSD state? Determine the expected mass of each sample in the SSD state. b) If the bulk volume Al oven dry is 220 cm³ and the bulk volume of A2 oven dry is 250 cm³, determine the bulk oven dry specific gravity for each aggregate, Al and A2.
2) Two aggregates (Al and A2) were obtained from the field. They were brought to the oven dry condition (OD) and weighed. Data for each of the aggregates is presented in the table below. (Density of water=1g/cm') Table 1. Absorption capacity and moisture content data. A1 A2 Field Weight 600 g 600 g 598.3 g Oven Dry Weight Absorption Capacity (%) 0.6 % 595.3 g 0.7% a) Describe the field moisture state of each aggregate, Al and A2 (i.e. wet, SSD, or air dry). For each sample would you add water or dry the sample to bring it to SSD state? Determine the expected mass of each sample in the SSD state. b) If the bulk volume Al oven dry is 220 cm and the bulk volume of A2 oven dry is 250 cm2, determine the bulk oven dry specific gravity for each aggregate, Al and A2. MONSTER E12 PRT SC PAUSE う
For each of the following indicate if the designated technology is appropriate for the indicated water-quality problem. Explain why or why not (answer in no more than a few sentences). g. Lime treatment for hardness of 90 mg/L as CaCO3. h. Ion exchange for hardness of 90 mg/L as CaCO3.
8) For the following cements, answer the following questions: Cement A Cement B C3S (%) C2S (%) СЗА (%) Alkalis (%) SO3 (%) СаСОз(%) Blaine fineness (m²/kg) Loss on ignition (%) Insoluble residue (%) *Other aspects of the cements are comparable to each other. 50 20 60 15 10 1 2.5 1 2.5 1 5 350 300 0.01 0.75 3 0.1 d) Which cement has higher sulfate resistance? Briefly explain. e) Which cement is stored improperly? Briefly explain f) During the production of which cement, the kiln reactions were almost complete? Briefly explain
The mass of the aggregates to be tested in Los Angeles Abrasion Machine is 10,000g, what is the % abrasion if the mass of the aggregate retained in No. 12 Sieve is 8435.9g? o 16.0% o 18.5% o 17.3% o 15.2%
Aggregate from three sources having bulk specific gravities of 2.90, 2.70, and 2.60 was blended at a ratio of 60:30:10 by weight, respectively. What is the bulk specific gravity of the aggregate bled? Select one: O a. 2.87 O b. 2.81 O c. 2.75 O d. 2.65
sand particals does have liquid limit ? justify your answer.
70,000 litres of water per day, if the water contains the following impurities: Example 9.33. Calculate the annual cost of slaked lime and soda for treating 100 ррт Mg(HCO), CaSO, MgSO4 SiO, CaCO3 = 280 ppm NaCl %3D 35 ррт 110 ррт %3D = 80 ppm MgCl, = 138 ppm Fe,0, = 55 ppm Purity of slaked lime is 85% and that of soda is 100%. Slaked lime costs 780 per quintal and soda for 400 per quintal. [Atomic weights in gm : Ca = 40, Mg = 24, S = 32, Cl = 35.5, C = 12, 0 = 16, Na = 23, Fe = 56, and Si = 28]. %3D : 40 ррт. %3D %3D