Richman

In 1987, a public school in Baltimore, Maryland became the first to instill a school uniform policy in the United States. This idea of all students dressing alike spread throughout the country, and by 1994 a school district in Long Beach, CA became the first to require a whole school district to wear school uniforms (Background of the Issue - School Uniforms - ProCon.org). Today, an average of 23% of public and private schools enforce a school uniform system (School Uniform Statistics). But this change in dress code policy did not come about without controversy. Although some will argue uniforms promote safety, focus, and an even playing field in schools, school uniform policies oppress student’s freedom of expression, advocate for conformity, and cause more problems than they fix.

Uniforms are argued to positively affect student safety by: lowering student victimization, decreasing gang activity and fights and differentiating strangers from students in school building. Dress codes in public schools would be good, in order to cut down the violence, which would eliminate the problems of

These schools do not have gangs or violence, so the school uniforms are not really changing much. However, in areas that do have a large number of gangs and violent crimes, such as big city public schools, a dress code is not being adopted. These clothing related crimes are mostly seen in a high crime area, yet nothing is being done to solve these problems.

1. Conduct a randomized audit of the past 60 days prior to policy change to ascertain the percentage of compliance before the change in policy for future comparative analysis

To proceed incrementally with proposed decisions and to evaluate objectives as they process information from making decisions. By defining policy measures and using numbers to justify decisions that can define outcomes based on policy and measurement. Measuring a problem creates subtle pressure to do something about it, but at the same time, some level of the measure can become a norm and therefore an acceptable status quo (Stone, 2012, p. 188). To avoid costly delays in progress, by evaluating the measurements of a policy as it proceeds, policy makers can avoid such delays and change the course of action to find consensus on how to

After each of the objectives in Jim’s scope statement have been addressed, that is answered on paper with how they plan on accomplishing the task, would be a good time to assess economic analysis. At this time, there would be a clear understanding of what should be needed to address each objective successfully and analyzing the economic

The primary two reasons for having an assessment of implementing change is to have proper data and analysis so that the change can grow from an idea to a proper implemented procedure. The different sources of data that are collected will be useless until they are properly analyzed with respect to projected changes. Therefore, it is important to focus on data collection, analyzing, and summarizing to form a proper decision on changes that are appropriate. A properly analyzed and planned implementation of change will be strong against any resistance, identify areas where there might be potential problems, and will help develop strategies to begin the process of identifying

Implementation stage commences after the policy has been approved. Some polices upon reaching the implementation phase will fail as the policy was more costly than budgeted for, hence it is necessary to conduct thorough research before commencing of policy process (Slack, 2011). The rules

Public policies are developed in response to the existence of a perceived problem or an opportunity. The analysis delves into a public issue or problem and assesses a set of proposed government action for addressing the issue. The job of the analyst is to describe the background and status of an issue and then, using research and analysis, determine a proper government action to resolve the issue. By comparing options and weighing their expected benefits, the analyst should conclude with a recommended course of action or inaction to addressing the issue.

Boundess. (n.d.) notes that implementation is the process that moves an idea from being just a concept to becoming a reality. When looking at business, engineering, and other fields, Boundless (n.d.) indicates that the implementation process has to do with the building process. When looking at the implementation stage when it comes to a policy this means that it has made it from a simple draft to actually being an active policy that will bring about some type of beneficial change. An effective policy implementation has three

Evaluation and review. Monitor progress regularly to know if course or actions is effective or if needs to be improved.

Policy evaluation goes through a series of questioning of how the policy identified and implemented the desired effect and the possibility of modifications to produce efficiencies. For example, during an evaluation, data collected is in constant use from previous monitoring. In monitoring, emphasis is placed on results and processes that are derived from procedural implementation. These two overarching components of a policy constantly work together to form any type of adjustments needed for policy effectiveness and efficiency (Capturing Experience Monitoring and Evaluation, 1988).

“Policies and procedures are like a state road map. The map at a glance shows areas of interest and the general direction in which to travel to reach a desired estimation. The roads on the map provide possible paths to reach a particular destination. If the correct roads are followed, the destination can be

Chapter 1 walks the reader through the need for easy methods of policy analysis and planning as our problems in society become more complex and difficult to solve. This chapter starts with the introduction of a set off systematic procedures or what is known as policy analysis methods that can be used to solve our complex problems. Then there is a subgroup of these methods that are basic methods, which assists with quick results and in making good policy decisions (Patton, Sawicki, & Clark, 2012, p. 3). Some disagree that there is a set of procedures that can be used to assist in solving problems however a standardized methodology has developed and been applied (Patton et al., 2012 p.

* Evaluate and select an alternative: evaluate selectively from the most effective to the least effective, evaluate effects