Job Characteristics Of Job Design

Autonomy refers to an individual’s right to self- rule or governs one’s self (Beauchamp Childress, 2009). Autonomy is refer to the individual right to make his or her own decision regarding their health care needs. This is respected in the health care setting.

Cambridge (2016) defines autonomy as the ability to make a decision without any influence from any individual. Similarly, it is the freedom for someone to exercise their own will or action (Dictionary.com 2016).

Feedback is provided in relation to the assessment criteria (box on left) that were given to you with the assessment specification.

In order to efficiently run a Dunkin’ Donuts restaurant, I must first outline the company’s organizational structure by designing the right job positions for all levels of the hierarchy within. “Job design is what occurs when managers determine the tasks needed to be done, who will do them, and what selection criteria will be used to choose

* Skill Variety – Inside Sales employees have a pretty high level of skill variety because they take care of billing, quote prices, order the equipment, expedite orders, and deal with customers over the phone.

Job analysis also can be defined as the systematic study of jobs to identify the observable work activities, tasks, and responsibilities associated with a particular job or group of jobs (University of Minnesota, 2008).

Feedback- This area refers to the ongoing information that employees receive in the performance of their jobs. At my job, we receive feedback, letting us know that we exceeded the standards for call wait times or if we have not met this standard. Feedback also goes back to the management in that they become aware of the situations.

3. Job analysis is the next step to consider the skills necessary for employees by job functions. To achieve the job analysis process one must consider the skills necessary for employees’ separated by job title or function. Employees can understand what the vital aspects of their jobs are by analyzing the entire job function and process. This process should include an explanation of primary job functions, how to produce them, and who is responsible for all parts, and the qualifications needed for all steps. Defining the key duties of each job function will benchmark all key elements to determine a systematic process. By identifying each job title or job function will allow management and staff to outline performance standards more

The principle of autonomy is defined by the Standard Encyclopedia of Philosophy as, “an idea that is generally understood to refer to the capacity to be one’s own person, to live one’s life according to reasons and motives that are taken to one’s own reasons and motives, and not merely the product of manipulative or distorted external forces” (Durst, 2017).

Skill: This means the skills that are required for the job, not what skills the individual employee has.

Job design theory is an important concept in business management. The way a job is designed affects employee work performance. It is crucial that organizations create an environment where workers are motivated by jobs in which they feel challenged but at the same time, their work goes with the objectives of the company. Designing jobs properly will cause a positive impact on motivation, performance, and job satisfaction on those who perform them (Moorhead and Griffin, 1998). According to the hierarchical scheme of five basic needs of A. H. Maslow, people need to stay alive, to be safe, to be with others, to be respected and to do work that corresponds to our gifts and abilities (Bittel and Newstrom, 1990). Based

Skill variety refers to the extent to which the job requires a person to utilize multiple high-level skills.

In an article from the U.S. Office of Personnel Management [OPM] (n.d.) it stated that “without feedback, you 're walking blind, at best, you 'll accidentally reach your goal, and at worst, you will wander aimlessly through the dark, never reaching your destination.” Feedback is a critical element in a managers “toolbox” when evaluating employees. It gives an employee a view of how good or bad their previous performance was and what or if they need to improve in their performance. It also reduces

1) Workers who distinguish that their tasks are high in skill variety, task identity, and task significance achieve the psychological

Topic - Job Specialisation uses standardised work procedures to have workers perform repetitive; precisely defined and simplified tasks. Explain why companies use this approach to job design. Using the Job Characteristics model, describe how specialised jobs can be modified to eliminate the boredom and low job satisfaction associated with them. (Chapter 9)