Autism Spectrum Disorders

Autism Spectrum Disorders are developmental disabilities with lifelong effects for the person. They are characterized by the repetitive behaviors exhibited by the client with social and communication deficits as well. Clients with ASDs have unusual abilities to learn, they struggle with paying attention and may react inappropriately with extreme tantrums to different sensations. ASDs include and are not limited to autistic disorder, pervasive developmental disorder, atypical autism and Asperger disorder. Research of autism has been tracked by the Centers of Disease Control for prevalence since 1996, however tracking of developmental disabilities began in the 1980s.

Many of us have heard about Autism, also knows as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Some have a family member, a friend, or know someone who has ASD. Increasingly it is becoming a more common disability. “Autism is one of the fastest-growing developmental disorders in the U.S” (Autism Speaks). Autism has no respect for gender, race, social class and or ethnicity. “Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder that involves abnormal development and function of the brain.” (Autism Center of Excellence) People who have autism have a lot of difficulties with social skills, communication and also will develop behavior issues. These behavior problems of an individual with autism can vary at times and can go from mild to severe. According to the Autism Science Foundation it says,” Many people with the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) also have unusual ways of learning, paying attention, and reacting to different sensations. The thinking and learning abilities of people with ASD can vary—from gifted to severely challenged.” The causes and symptoms, as well as the diagnosis, and the treatments of autism vary.

One in every eighty-eight children in the United States is born with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) (“What Is Autism?”). ASD is a neurological disorder of the brain that affects how a person behaves, social interactions, and how they think and learn. Several different therapies exist for ASD; Equine Assisted Therapies being the most beneficial for children with ASD. There are two different types of Equine Assisted Therapy (EAT), physical and psychological. Although critics say that traditional therapies and medications should be used for ASD, alternative therapies such as Equine Assisted Therapy should be used and covered by insurance companies because of the unique benefits it provides. Equine Assisted Therapy provides positive results because it is multi-sensory and the patient becomes more in touch with their feelings.

With a view to diagnosing whether a child is suffered from ASD, advancing diagnostic evaluation is a must. The widely accepted symptoms of Autism are depicted by DSM-5 categorization: ASD patients start to develop autism disorder since their early life, resulting in impairing social skills to sustain a reciprocal relationship and forming repetitive behaviour, which affect their daily functioning (APA, 2013). Psychologists evaluate ones’ condition through upon behavioural assessment, and they rely on it to execute different types of psychological intervention, including drug treatment, behavioural training and inclusion strategies on dfdfd to integrate soc.

This literature review began with the question, “Are children with Autism Spectrum Disorder more likely to be associated with school violence and bullying?” I wanted to focus on bullying and the impact it has on adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder versus non-special needs students. More importantly, cases of children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder experienced bullying on various levels. Literature was examined that described the social limitations that children with Autism Spectrum Disorder experience on a daily basis. Many of these limitations restrict them from developing and maintaining friendships, which allows them to be at a higher risk for victimization and bullying by their peers. Much of the research explored

Autism has many faces and facets involved in a complex disorder. Autism is a distinct group of complex disorders that involve issues with communicative disorders, social impairment as well as other complexities such as restrictive, repetitive, and stereotyped behavior. Autism Spectrum Disorders include disorders such as Asperger’s, Autistic Disorder, Pervasive Development Disorder, and Childhood Disintegrative Disorder. Asperger’s Syndrome is considered by many to be the least debilitative of the Autism Spectrum Disorders. It is considered that with treatment the individuals with Asperger’s will function in daily life with little

“Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism are both general terms for a group of complex disorders of brain development.” Those with autism may have a number of developmental difficulties such as problems with social interactions, verbal and nonverbal communication, and repetitive behaviors. It is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder with impairments that have lifelong consequences. This paper will discuss how it is found in people, what the effects are, the levels of autism, and how you can help those with the disorder.

Autism spectrum disorder, ASD, is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized in the DSM-5 by early-onset, persistent social communication and interaction deficits and restricted patterns of repetitive behaviour that significantly impair important areas of functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Many treatments have been proposed to help reduce symptoms associated with ASD. However, very few of these treatments have presented convincing etiological backgrounds or been supported by empirical evidence (Bowker, D’Angelo, Hicks & Wells, 2011). This is particularly troubling given the profound negative effects associated with this diagnosis and the desperation for a cure or effective treatment that is often felt by the caregivers of

Over the years Autism has become a widely known childhood disease that continues into adulthood. Autism first was a disease classified as “developmental retardation” in the 1887, it wasn’t until Dr. Leo Kanner’s study in 1943 that the foundation was built for autism as we know it today. Now autism is diagnosis that has become too familiar throughout the United States, affecting one in every sixty-eight children. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of developmental disorders that range between various symptoms, skills, and levels of disability. Some disorders that fall under different types of ASD is: autistic disorder, Asperger’s syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder. Few people understand what it means to have autism or the

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or Autism is a developmental disorder that affects a person’s everyday life. Some deficits may include communication (verbal and nonverbal), social interaction, and repetitive behavior. People with ASD may also show signs of motor coordination issues, intellectual disability, and physical health issues. “There are 1 in 68 American children on the spectrum ("What Is Autism?").” Parents are always trying to find treatments that may help relieve these children from their symptoms.

Autism spectrum disorder is a condition related to brain development that impacts how a person perceives and socializes with others, causing problems in social interaction and communication. The disorder also includes limited and repetitive patterns of behavior. The term "spectrum" in autism spectrum disorder refers to the wide range of symptoms and severity. (mayoclinic.org) Autism Spectrum disorder is a broad name for other diagnosis such as Asperger’s Syndrome, Autistic Disorder and Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD). Asperger Syndrome (AS) sometimes called high functioning Autism, is part of a unique group of neurodevelopment disorders, all complex. Those affected by it suffer social impairment, difficulty

The disorders are scientifically known as Autism Spectrum Disorders. ASDs can range from the slightest case where a child only shows one or two symptoms in the three core areas, to a very severe case of a child showing six or more symptoms in the three core areas. The three core areas are “social reciprocity, impaired communication, and repetitive restrictive patterns of behavior or interests” (Blenner et al. 343). There are currently three ASDs that can be diagnosed. Asperger’s disorder, Pervasive Developmental Disorder: not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS), and Autistic Disorder listed in increasing severity of the disorders. Many children can go on about their daily lives not even realizing that they have an ASD. In fact, in the 1940’s, when Autism was first discovered and diagnosed, Autism was “thought to be relatively rare because only the most severely affected people were identified” (Blenner et al.

The study and research pertaining to autism is very broad and includes more than just autism itself. A child with an autistic disorder is hard to identify because autism is not easily seen. Autism is more of a mental and social disorder; it doesn’t really have anything to do with a physical outlook. The autism disorder doesn’t only deal with autism; there are five other primary disorders involved with autism. When screening a child for autism, they will find out if any other disorders should be diagnosed. Screening children for autism at a young age can be beneficial in diagnosing children early for autism, or the five other primary disorders under the autism spectrum.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a condition that affects a group of complex disorders of brain development. Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties with social interactions, social communication and an unusually restricted range of behaviors and interest (David R. Simmons, 2009). It seems that autism is a new condition because most of research about this condition has occurred since the 1980. However, Autism has been around for a much longer time than that, people just didn’t know about it.

The term “autism” has been in circulation for over 100 years. In 1911, autism referred to a clump of symptoms that now we know to be schizophrenia. It wasn’t until 1940 that the word began to reflect social and emotional inequities tied to characteristically withdrawn behavior. Autism was added to the DSM-III in 1980 giving the medical professionals specific criteria for diagnosis. The current status of the disease was published in the DSM-V in 2013 as Autism Spectrum Disorder.1 The CDC estimates that 1 out of 68 children have the diagnosis of ASD, and that the total prevalence of the disease accounts for 1% of the world’s population. 2 ASD allows for an umbrella term for pervasive developmental disorders ranging in symptom severity. These