| The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000. |
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Appendix I
Indo-European Roots |
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| ENTRY: | ud- |
| DEFINITION: | Also  d-. Up, out.
Derivatives include utmost, carouse, outlaw, but, and hubris.
1a. out; utmost, from Old English t, out; b. carouse; auslander, from Old High German z, out; c. outlaw, from Old Norse t, out; d. uitlander, from Middle Dutch ute, uut, out; e. utter1, from Middle Low German t, out; f. utter2, from Old English tera, outer, from Germanic suffixed (comparative) form *t-era-; g. but; about, from Old English btan, bte, outside (adverb), from Germanic compound *bi-tana, “at the outside” (*bi-, by, at; see ambhi). a–g all from Germanic *t-, out. 2. Extended form *uds. a. ersatz, from Old High German irsezzan, to replace, from ir-, out; b. ort, from Middle Dutch oor, out; c. Germanic compound *uz-dailjam (see dail-); d. Ursprache, from Old High German ur-, out of, original. a–d all from Germanic *uz, *uz-, out. 3. Suffixed (comparative) form *ud-tero-. hysteresis, hysteron proteron, from Greek husteros, later, second, after. 4. hubris, from Greek compound hubris, violence, outrage, insolence (bri-, perhaps “heavy,” “violent”; see gwer -1), from hu-. 5. vigorish, from Russian vy-, out. (Pokorny  d- 1103.) |
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| The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Copyright © 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by the Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. |
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