To review:
The outline of a research program for a crop species like wheat, rice or barley, that would utilize the genetics of flower development, to make a more productive variety.
Introduction:
The diploid barley (Hordeum vulgare L.,) and allohexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.,) are the two important temperate cereal crop species. The early flowering is a vital feature that affects the grain yield and quality in both of these species. Direct identification of flowering genes and their molecular chracterization is a difficult task, as the genome size is large and complex. The use of bioinformatic approach for the prediction of flower related genes in barley and wheat compare to190 known Arabidopsis flowering genes may be helpful for the genetic information.
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Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
- You are a developmental geneticist and perform a mutagenesis screen in Arabidopsis looking for floral organ mutants. You identify a mutant phenotype that has the following organ arrangement, beginning in whorl 1: Sepal-Sepal-Carpel-Carpel Which class of floral identity genes has been mutated? A-B double mutant O A O SEPALLATA B сarrow_forwardin flowering control of plant, describe a situation wherein there are mutations in at least one or all of the genes responsible for control of the floral development.arrow_forwardPlant biologists are currently working to identify those Arabidopsis genes with unknown functions. If you were assigned to determine the function of a particular gene, how might you approach this task?arrow_forward
- describe the information that is required in an application for the approval for the limited and controlled release of a papaya that was genetically modified to delay the process of fruit ripening.arrow_forwardWhich of the following problems has/have been addressed through the development ofgenetically modified plants? 1. Vitamin deficiencies in children. 2. Susceptibility of crops to insect pests. 3 Accumulation of toxic ions in agricultural soils. 4. Both 1 and 2 are correct. 5. Women menstruation cycle.arrow_forward“To increase a specific attribute of a plant, somatic hybridisation is superior to genetic engineering and somatic variation.” Comment on this statement using the ideas of these approaches to plant improvement.arrow_forward
- Genetic variation is indispensable for crop improvement. Discuss how heritable variation can be generated in crop plants?arrow_forwardPlants and animals usually battle each other; describe why and how this occurs. Once animal-pollinated flowers evolved, a new type of plant–animal interaction was possible; describe it. How is it possible for a mutation in aplant to be beneficial for both the plant and for an animal?arrow_forwardWhy is knowledge gained from sequencing the Arabidopsis genome important even though Arabidopsis has no commercial value?arrow_forward
- The ABCDE Model of flower development dictates the combination of transcription factors require to initiate each whorl of a flower. Based on the diagram below, what would happen if: Carpels and ovules Sepal Petal Stamen 2 4 Whorl A Genes E 25-40 The ABCDE model of floral organ determination in Arabidopsis In addition to the A-, B-, and C-function genes of the ABC model, this model includes two additional gene classes, D and E. In the ABCDE model, class A + E genes specify sepals; class A + B + E, petals; class B +C +E, stamens; class C + E, carpels; and class C+ D + E, ovules. 1. Gene D was non-functional: 2. Gene E was non-functional: 3. Only Gene A was functional: 4. Gene B and E were non-functional: 5. Only Gene A and Gene E were functional: Hint: If Gene A was non-functional the flower would have no sepals or petals, it would be composed of only stamens and carpels.arrow_forwardBriefly elaborate the characteristics of somatic embryos and how to obtain somatic embryos indirectly from the provided in vitro plantletsarrow_forwardThe drooping, bell-like flower Aquilegia canadensis is adapted for cross-pollination. However, if the plant has not been pollinated previously, self-pollination can occur. However, if cross pollination occurs after self-pollination takes place, the pollen from cross pollination reaches the style before the pollen from self-pollination. Using course concepts and vocabulary 1) Provide a reasoning for this phenomenon. 2) Would this adaptation for reproduction be beneficial for the plant?arrow_forward
- Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning