Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781133104261
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 25, Problem 42P
(a)
To determine
The time interval in which the light travel from the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface.
(b)
To determine
The fraction by which the time taken by light to travel in absence of atmosphere is larger than the time taken in presence of atmosphere.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
A light ray enters the atmosphere of the Earth and descends vertically to the surface a distance h = 100 km below. The index of refraction where the light enters the atmosphere is 1.00, and it increases linearly with distance to have the value n = 1.000 293 at the Earth’s surface. (a) Over what time interval does the light traverse this path? (b) By what percentage is the time interval larger than that required in the absence of the Earth’s atmosphere?
When a vertical beam of light passes through a transparent medium, the rate at which its intensity I decreases is proportional to
I(t),
where t represents the thickness of the medium (in feet). In clear seawater, the intensity 3 feet below the surface is 25% of the initial intensity
I0
of the incident beam. What is the intensity of the beam 14 feet below the surface? (Give your answer in terms of
I0.
Round any constants or coefficients to five decimal places.)
(a) The index of refraction for violet light in silica flint glass is 1.66, and that for red light is 1.62. What is the angular spread (in degrees) of visible light passing through a prism of apex angle 60.0° if the angle of incidence is 54.0°?
(b) What If? What is the angular spread (in degrees) of visible light passing through a prism of apex angle 60.0° if the angle of incidence is 90°?
Chapter 25 Solutions
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 25.1QQCh. 25.4 - If beam is the incoming beam in Active Figure...Ch. 25.4 - Light passes from a material with index of...Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 25.4QQCh. 25.5 - Prob. 25.5QQCh. 25.7 - Prob. 25.6QQCh. 25.7 - Prob. 25.7QQCh. 25 - Prob. 1OQCh. 25 - Prob. 2OQCh. 25 - What happens to a light wave when it travels from...
Ch. 25 - Prob. 4OQCh. 25 - The index of refraction for water is about 43....Ch. 25 - Prob. 6OQCh. 25 - Light traveling in a medium of index of refraction...Ch. 25 - Prob. 8OQCh. 25 - The core of an optical fiber transmits light with...Ch. 25 - Prob. 10OQCh. 25 - A light ray travels from vacuum into a slab of...Ch. 25 - Prob. 12OQCh. 25 - Prob. 13OQCh. 25 - Prob. 14OQCh. 25 - Prob. 1CQCh. 25 - Prob. 2CQCh. 25 - Prob. 3CQCh. 25 - Prob. 4CQCh. 25 - Prob. 5CQCh. 25 - Prob. 6CQCh. 25 - Prob. 7CQCh. 25 - Prob. 8CQCh. 25 - Prob. 9CQCh. 25 - Prob. 10CQCh. 25 - Prob. 11CQCh. 25 - Prob. 12CQCh. 25 - Prob. 1PCh. 25 - Prob. 2PCh. 25 - Prob. 3PCh. 25 - Prob. 4PCh. 25 - Prob. 5PCh. 25 - Prob. 6PCh. 25 - Prob. 7PCh. 25 - An underwater scuba diver sees the Sun at an...Ch. 25 - Prob. 9PCh. 25 - Prob. 10PCh. 25 - A ray of light is incident on a flat surface of a...Ch. 25 - A laser beam is incident at an angle of 30.0 from...Ch. 25 - Prob. 13PCh. 25 - A light ray initially in water enters a...Ch. 25 - Find the speed of light in (a) flint glass, (b)...Ch. 25 - Prob. 16PCh. 25 - Prob. 17PCh. 25 - Prob. 18PCh. 25 - Unpolarized light in vacuum is incident onto a...Ch. 25 - Prob. 20PCh. 25 - Prob. 21PCh. 25 - Prob. 22PCh. 25 - Prob. 23PCh. 25 - Prob. 24PCh. 25 - 14. A ray of light strikes the midpoint of one...Ch. 25 - Prob. 26PCh. 25 - Prob. 27PCh. 25 - Prob. 28PCh. 25 - Prob. 29PCh. 25 - Prob. 30PCh. 25 - Prob. 31PCh. 25 - Around 1965, engineers at the Toro Company...Ch. 25 - Prob. 33PCh. 25 - Prob. 34PCh. 25 - Prob. 35PCh. 25 - Prob. 36PCh. 25 - Prob. 37PCh. 25 - Prob. 38PCh. 25 - Prob. 39PCh. 25 - Prob. 40PCh. 25 - Prob. 41PCh. 25 - Prob. 42PCh. 25 - A 4.00-m-long pole stands vertically in a...Ch. 25 - Prob. 44PCh. 25 - Prob. 45PCh. 25 - Prob. 46PCh. 25 - Prob. 47PCh. 25 - Prob. 48PCh. 25 - When light is incident normally on the interface...Ch. 25 - Prob. 50PCh. 25 - Prob. 51PCh. 25 - Prob. 52PCh. 25 - The light beam in Figure P25.53 strikes surface 2...Ch. 25 - Prob. 54PCh. 25 - Prob. 55PCh. 25 - Prob. 56PCh. 25 - Prob. 57PCh. 25 - Prob. 58PCh. 25 - Prob. 59PCh. 25 - Prob. 60PCh. 25 - Prob. 61PCh. 25 - Prob. 62P
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Light traveling in a medium of index of refraction n1 is incident on another medium having an index of refraction n2. Under which of the following conditions can total internal reflection occur at the interface of the two media? (a) The indices of refraction have the relation n2 n1. (b) The indices of refraction have the relation n1 n2. (c) Light travels slower in the second medium than in the first. (d) The angle of incidence is less than the critical angle. (e) The angle of incidence must equal the angle of refraction.arrow_forwardRefractive Index (n) is a ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in materials such as glass, water, plastic, etc. Using Snell's Law, and given an air to glass interface with and angle of incidence of 15 degrees, what will be the angle of refractance R if the refractive index of the glass is 1.5 ? Snell's Law: n; (sin I) = n, (sin R) So, Sin R = n; (sin I) / n And, R = arcsin (n; (sin I) / n,) For each angle I, find angle R: 5. I=0, R = 6. I=45, R = 7. I= 60, R = 8. I = 75, R = = arcsin (1(.259)/1.5) = arcsin (.172) = 9.9 degrees Wavelength in Air- Light- Angle of Light -Wavelength in Glass Normal 90° R Air nj-1 Glassarrow_forwardIn the figure, light from ray A refracts from material 1 (n₁ = 1.73) into a thin layer of material 2 (n2 = 1.80), crosses that layer, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3 (n3 = 1.40). (a) What is the value of incident angle BA? (b) If 8A is decreased, does part of the light refract into material 3? Light from ray B refracts from material 1 into the thin layer, crosses that layer, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3. (c) What is the value of incident angle Og? (d) If Og is decreased, does part of the light refract into material 3? OB I ng no 121arrow_forward
- In Figure (a), a beam of light in material 1 is incident on a boundary at an angle of 28° The extent to which the light is bent due to refraction depends, in part, on the index of refraction n2 of material 2. Figure (b) gives the angle of refraction 02 versus n2 for a range of possible n2 values, from n, = 1.36 to n, = 1.94. What is the speed of light in material 1? 38° 28 28 18 na (a) (b) Number i ! Units m/sarrow_forwardIn the figure, light from ray A refracts from material 1 (n1 = 1.60) into a thin layer of material 2 (n2 = 1.80), crosses that layer, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3 (n3 = 1.3). (a) What is the value of incident angle θA? (b) If θA is decreased, does part of the light refract into material 3? Light from ray B refracts from material 1 into the thin layer, crosses that layer, and is then incident at the critical angle on the interface between materials 2 and 3. (c) What is the value of incident angle θB? (d) If θB is decreased, does part of the light refract into material 3?arrow_forwardLight traveling through an optical fiber (n=1.44) reaches the end of the fiber and exits into air. (a) If the angle of incidence on the end of the fiber is 30°, what is the angle of refraction outside the fiber? (b) How would your answer be different if the angle of incidence were 50°? (c) What would be the speed of the light in optical fiber? (d) What would be the angle of refraction outside the fiber into water(refraction index n water = 1.33)?arrow_forward
- A ray of light crosses the boundary between some substance with n = 1.46 and air, going from the substance into air. If the angle of incidence is 26◦ what is the angle of refraction?arrow_forwardWhen a vertical beam of light passes through a transparent medium, the rate at which its intensity I decreases is proportional to I(t), where t represents the thickness of the medium (in feet). In clear seawater, the intensity 3 feet below the surface is 25% of the initial intensity I, of the incident beam. IP kI. Find the constant of proportionality k, where dt -0.4621t k = What is the intensity of the beam 16 feet below the surface? (Give your answer in terms of I. Round any constants or coefficients to five decimal places.) 0.615arrow_forwardWhen the sun is either rising or setting and appears to be just on the horizon, it is in fact below the horizon. The explanation for this seeming paradox is that light from the sun bends slightly when entering the earth’s atmosphere, as shown in Fig. Since our perception is based on the idea that light travels in straight lines, we perceive the light to be coming from an apparent position that is an angle d above the sun’s true position. (a) Make the simplifying assumptions that the atmosphere has uniform density, and hence uniform index of refraction n, and extends to a height h above the earth’s surface, at which point it abruptly stops. Show that the angle d is given by as attached. where R = 6378 km is the radius of the earth. (b) Calculate d using n = 1.0003 and h = 20 km. How does this compare to the angular radius of the sun, which is about one quarter of a degree? (In actuality a light ray from the sun bends gradually, not abruptly, since the density and refractive index of the…arrow_forward
- A parallel sided plate of glass with an index of refraction of 1.60 is in contact with the surface of water (n=1.33) in a tank. A ray coming from above makes an angle of incidence of 30.0° with the normal to the top surface of the glass plate. (a) What is the speed of light in the glass plate? (b) What is the critical angle between the glass and the water? (c) What angle does this ray make with the normal in the water? (d) Include a diagram of the situation. [Diagram 3 pts.]arrow_forwardDuring the Apollo XI Moon landing, a retroreflecting panel was erected on the Moon's surface. The speed of light can be found by measuring the time it takes a laser beam to travel from Earth, reflect from the panel, and return to Earth. If this interval is found to be 2.51 s, what is the measured speed of light? Take the center-to-center distance from Earth to Moon to be 3.84 ✕ 108 m. Assume that the Moon is directly overhead and do not neglect the sizes of the Earth and Moon. (Assume the radius of the Earth and the Moon are 6380 km and 1740 km respectively.) answer in m/sarrow_forwardDuring the Apollo XI Moon landing, a retroreflecting panel was erected on the Moon's surface. The speed of light can be found by measuring the time it takes a laser beam to travel from Earth, reflect from the panel, and return to Earth. If this interval is found to be 2.51 s, what is the measured speed of light? Take the center-to-center distance from Earth to Moon to be 3.84 ✕ 108 m. Assume that the Moon is directly overhead and do not neglect the sizes of the Earth and Moon. (Assume the radius of the Earth and the Moon are 6380 km and 1740 km respectively.) m/sarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Spectra Interference: Crash Course Physics #40; Author: CrashCourse;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ob7foUzXaY;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY