Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
All valid resonance contributors for the given ion are to be drawn using curved arrows to indicate which pairs of electrons are being shifted.
Concept introduction:
Resonance structure exists in species for which there are two or more valid Lewis structures. Resonance structures are imaginary; true species is represented by the resonance hybrid. Resonance structures differ only in the placement of their valence electrons, not their atoms. For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” Resonance structures are drawn using curved arrows. The arrow points to the center of an existing bond to represent the formation of a new double/triple bond. A resonance structure can be drawn if a lone pair of electrons on an atom is adjacent with multiple bonds or an incomplete octet on an atom is adjacent to multiple bonds or there is a ring of alternating single and double bonds.
(b)
Interpretation:
Resonance hybrid for the given anion is to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
For a species, each valid Lewis structure is called a “resonance structure” or a “resonance contributor.” A resonance hybrid is a weighted average of all resonance contributors. A partial bond is represented in a resonance hybrid by a dashed line connecting the two atoms.
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Organic Chemistry: Principles and Mechanisms (Second Edition)
- I am having trouble on part c. It wants me to draw the resonance structure, but in mastering chem there’s no arrows available for some reason . Is there a way to draw it without the arrows and still be resonancearrow_forwardCurved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Follow the curved arrows and draw the resonance hybrid contributor. Include all lone pairs and charges as appropriate. Drawing Ⓒarrow_forwardPlease help with drawing the conjugate acid and filling in the blank. For "A negative, no charge, positive charge" you have to select the right one. 1. Draw the conjugate acid with formal charge(s) below. If there are electrons around any of the atom signore them for now. The details will be addressed in the next section. 2. N with 3 bonds and 2 electrons around the atom in the base becomes a N atom with (BLANK) bonds. (A negative charge, no charge, positive charge) , and (BLANK) electron(s) around the atom in the conjugate acid.arrow_forward
- The curved arrow notation introduced in Section 1.6B is a powerfulmethod used by organic chemists to show the movement of electronsnot only in resonance structures, but also in chemical reactions.Because each curved arrow shows the movement of two electrons,following the curved arrows illustrates what bonds are broken andformed in a reaction. Consider the following three-step process. (a) Addcurved arrows in Step [1] to show the movement of electrons. (b) Use thecurved arrows drawn in Step [2] to identify the structure of X. X isconverted in Step [3] to phenol and HCl.arrow_forwardDraw a reasonable resonance structure for the following species. Draw out all bonds to the oxygen atom in your answer.arrow_forward9) Draw the resonance contributor that corresponds to the curved, two electron movement arrows in the resonance expressions below. -I Harrow_forward
- Draw the major resonance structure for the compound shown; include lone pairs of electrons, formal charges, and condensed hydrogen atoms (located in the More menu). Then draw curved arrows to show how this can be converted to the Lewis structure givenarrow_forwarda) Draw all reasonable resonance structures for the following molecules. b) Label the major and minor resonance structures. If they are all equal write equal.arrow_forwardConsider the Lewis structure shown for thionitromethane. Draw the major resonance structure for the compound shown; include lone pairs of electrons, formal charges, and condensed hydrogen atoms (located in the More menu). Then draw curved arrows to show how this can be converted to the Lewis structure given.arrow_forward
- QUESTION 4. (a) Below are two structural isomers. Interestingly, one of these structures is significantly more acidic than the other. Circle the most acidic proton in each. Determine which structure is more acidic and explain why. Use your knowledge of resonance structures and molecular geometry to support your argument. NO₂ NO₂ OH OHarrow_forwardWhich of the following species (B, C,D) is a valid resonance of A? Use curved arrows to show how A is converted to any valid resonance structure.arrow_forwardDraw all reasonable resonance structures for the following cation. Then draw the resonance hybrid.arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning