(a)
The speed of the material as it leaves the surface.
Answer to Problem 103QAP
The speed of the material as it leaves the surface is
Explanation of Solution
Given:
Concept Used:
Law of conservation of mechanical energy.
Calculation:
From the law of conservation of mechanical energy, we can calculate the speed of the material as it leaves the surface. The gravitational potential energy of the material at the surface is to be zero.
As the gas is travelling just below the surface of the surface of the planet, we can ignore the change in gravitational potential energy
According to law of conservation of energy:
On replacing the values, we get
Conclusion:
The speed of the material as it leaves the surface is
(b)
The energy per kilogram of material is lost due to nonconservative forces.
Answer to Problem 103QAP
The energy per kilogram of material is lost due to nonconservative forces is
Explanation of Solution
Given:
Concept Used:
Law of nonconservative of work.
Calculation:
From the law of conservation of mechanical energy, we can calculate the speed of the material as it leaves the surface. The gravitational potential energy of the material at the surface is to be zero.
As the gas is travelling just below the surface of the surface of the planet, we can ignore the change in gravitational potential energy.
As the gas leaves the jets it is just travelling underground at the speed of
So,
Converting the units:
According to law of conservation of energy:
On replacing the values, we get
According to law of nonconservative of work:
On replacing the values, we get
Conclusion:
The energy per kilogram of material is lost due to nonconservative forces is
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 6 Solutions
COLLEGE PHYSICS
- Towns A and B in Figure P4.64 are 80.0 km apart. A couple arranges to drive from town A and meet a couple driving from town B at the lake, L. The two couples leave simultaneously and drive for 2.50 h in the directions shown. Car 1 has a speed of 90.0 km/h. If the cars arrive simultaneously at the lake, what is the speed of car 2?arrow_forwardA bungee cord is essentially a very long rubber band that can stretch up to four times its unstretched length. However, its spring constant vanes over its stretch [see Menz, P.G. “The Physics of Bungee Jumping.” The Physics Teacher (November 1993) 31: 483-487]. Take the length of the cord to be along the direction and define the stretch as the length of the cord minus its un-stretched length that is, (see below). Suppose a particular bungee cord has a spring constant, for of and for. (Recall that the of (Recall that the spring constant is the slope of the force versus its stretch (a) What is the tension in the cord when the stretch is 16.7 m (the maximum desired for a given jump)? (b) How much work must be done against the elastic force of the bungee cord to stretch It 16.7 m? Figure 7.16 (credit modification of work by Graeme Churchard)arrow_forwardCan you please answer the following questions Our Sun shines bright with a luminosity of 3.828 x 1026 Watt. Her energy is responsible for manyprocesses and the habitable temperatures on the Earth that make our life possible.(a) Calculate the amount of energy arriving on the Earth in a single day.(b) To how many litres of heating oil (energy density: 37.3 x 106J/litre) is this equivalent?(c) The Earth reflects 30% of this energy: Determine the temperature on Earth’s surface.(d) What other factors should be considered to get an even more precise temperature estimate?Note: The Earth’s radius is 6370 km; the Sun’s radius is 696 x 103 km; 1 AU is 1.495 x 108 km.arrow_forward
- In Japan, cars were prohibited for a day. This is why Mr. Kakuji was riding a white horse gifted by Taylor Swift. The said horse was at rest initially. Then it started accelerating at a constant rate of (1000x10^-3 m/s^2) î + (1000x10^-3 m/s^2) ĵ + (1000x10^-3 m/s^2) k̂ in 2000x10^-3 seconds. Afterwards, there is a sudden change in the horses acceleration and it became -(500x10^-3 m/s^2) î - (500x10^-3 m/s^2) ĵ + (0 m/s^2) k̂ in about 4000x10^-3 seconds. If so, how far is the Mr. Kakuji's horse from its initial position? a. 13.1 m, b. 6.00 m, c. 22.0 m, or d. 11.7 marrow_forwardAn electron (mass = 9.11 × 10−31 kg) is accelerated along a straight line at 3.9 × 1014 ms−2.The electron has an initial speed of 3.2 × 106 ms−1 and travels a distance of 3.0 cm. Calculatethe electron’s: a) final speed.b) change in kinetic energy.arrow_forwardA bungee cord is essentially a very long rubber bandthat can stretch up to four times its unstretched length.However, its spring constant varies over its stretch [seeMenz, P.G. “The Physics of Bungee Jumping.” The PhysicsTeacher (November 1993) 31: 483-487]. Take the length ofthe cord to be along the x-direction and define the stretchx as the length of the cord l minus its un-stretched lengthl0; that is, x = l − l0 (see below). Suppose a particularbungee cord has a spring constant, for 0 ≤ x ≤ 4.88 m , ofk1 = 204 N/m and for 4.88 m ≤ x , of k2 = 111 N/m.(Recall that the spring constant is the slope of the forceF(x) versus its stretch x.) (a) What is the tension in thecord when the stretch is 16.7 m (the maximum desired for agiven jump)? (b) How much work must be done against theelastic force of the bungee cord to stretch it 16.7 m?arrow_forward
- The figure below shows the Hoover Dam Bridge over the Colorado River at a height of 271 m. If a heavy object is dropped from the bridge, how much time passes before the object makes a splash? (Neglect air resistance.) sarrow_forwardA team of astronauts is on a mission to land on and explore a large asteroid. In addition to collecting samples and performing experiments, one of their tasks is to demonstrate the concept of the escape speed by throwing rocks straight up at various initial speeds. With what minimum initial speed ?esc will the rocks need to be thrown in order for them never to "fall" back to the asteroid? Assume that the asteroid is approximately spherical, with an average density ?=2.93×106 g/m3 and volume ?=1.94×1012 m3 . Recall that the universal gravitational constant is ?=6.67×10-11 N·m2/kg2 .vesc = ? m/sarrow_forwardQ-1. The kinetic energy of A particle of mass m is moving with constant speed along a circular path of radius r its kinetic energy is (A)T = mr²6² (B) T = - mr²w² (C) T = lw² (D) All correctarrow_forward
- Determine the escape velocity (minimum speed of an object/body) for planet earth. Start from the definition of Gravitational force GM m F = and Work w= S Fdz where G is the universal gravitational constant, Me is the mass of earth, m is the mass of the object/body, and z is the distance between Earth and object/body (the same as the radius of earth).arrow_forwardA stone, M = 1 kg is projected from a point, h = 25 m above the ground with an initial speed, v = 20 m/s. What is the speed of the stone, v just before it strikes the ground? (assume g = 10 m/s, ignore air resistance). A) 40 m/s B) 30 m/s C) 15 m/s O D) 25 m/s E) 20 m/sarrow_forwardA skier is sliding downhill at 7 m/s when she reaches an icy patch on which her skis move freely with negligible friction. The difference in altitude between the top of the icy patch and its bottom is 9 m. What is the speed of the skier at the bottom of the icy patch in m/s? Take g know her massk) 9.8 m/s. Round to one decimal place. (hint: do you have to %3Darrow_forward
- University Physics Volume 1PhysicsISBN:9781938168277Author:William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax - Rice UniversityPhysics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning