Introduction:
Food is broken down by the body before it is absorbed. The breaking of food is carried out by enzymes and acids present in the stomach and intestine. This process is called digestion.
Answer to Problem 1TY
Correct answer:
The process of enzymatically breaking down large molecules into smaller molecules that can be used by cells is called as digestion. Hence, the correct answer is option d.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for correct answer:
Breaking down of food into smaller particles so that it can be absorbed easily is known as digestion. It can be broken down either enzymatically or mechanically during digestion.
Option d is given as “digestion”.
The breakdown of food starts from mouth and absorption takes place in the intestine. Hence, the correct answer is option d.
Reasons for incorrect answers:
Option a. is given as “absorption”.
Absorption is the process in which the nutrients from the digested food is absorbed or taken up by the cells to transport throughout the body. Hence option a. is incorrect.
Option b. is given as “secretion”.
Secretion is a process in which some biological substances are released to promote biological processes. Hence option b. is incorrect.
Option c. is given as “ingestion”.
Ingestion refers to engulfment or swallowing of food or water into the body. Hence option c. is incorrect.
Option e. is given as “egestion”.
Egestion refers to the excretion of undigested food materials from the body. Hence option e. is incorrect.
Hence options, a, b, c, and e are incorrect
Thus, digestion is a process in which food is enzymatically broken down into smaller components.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 46 Solutions
Biology
- Bile Salts are: a. a mixture of amphipathic molecules which emulsify fatty acids in the small intestine b. enzymes present in saliva that digest proteins into amino acids c. made by the liver and secreted from the gall bladder into the duodenum d. enzymes that digest “dietary fiber” (cellulose) in the esophagus e. enzymes present in saliva that make bread taste sweet after chewingarrow_forwardThe purpose of Microvilli in the human digestive tract is to: a. kill detrimental bacteria in the esophagus b. emulsify fats c. secrete pepsinogen in the stomach d. absorb nutrients from the small intestine into the bloodstream e. secrete trypsinogen and chymotrypsin into the duodenumarrow_forwardWhich of these could be absorbed directly without need ofdigestion?a. glucose d. nucleic acidb. fat e. All of these are correct.c. proteinarrow_forward
- Which of the following descriptions about essential amino acids is correct? Select one: a. Essential amino acids cannot be absorbed by human body. b. There are 11 essential amino acids. c. The body can synthesize proper proteins with missing essential amino acids. d. Vegetables are richer in essential amino acids when compared with meat. e. Meat has high protein quality than vegetable.arrow_forwardAt which stage do nutrients enter an organism’s bloodstream?a. Ingestionb. Digestionc. Absorptiond. Eliminationarrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true about whey protein? A. It is derived from milk. B. It contains all nine essential amino acids. C. It is a slow-digesting protein. D. It can help increase muscle protein synthesis.arrow_forward
- The highly acidic stomach juices are capable of digesting the stomach itself. The cells of the stomach are protected from the acid: A. by the alkaline mucus (which is rich with bicarbonate buffer) B. by tight junctions between the cells that prevent the acid from going any deeper C. by frequent replacement of cells from the stem cells of the stomach D. all of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements regarding protein digestion is incorrect? A. The intestinal enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin continue the chemical breakdown of polypeptides into oligopeptides. B. Chemical digestion of proteins is initiated in the stomach through the action of the enzyme pepsin. C. Mechanical digestion of proteins starts in the mouth through chewing. D. Di- and tripeptides enter the intestinal cells where they are broken down by peptidases into individual amino acids.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true?a. Intracellular digestion commonly occurs in vertebrates.b. Absorption of nutrients always requires active transport.c. Alimentary canals have two openings, whereas gastrovascularcavities have only one.d. Extracellular, but not intracellular, digestion requires hydrolyticenzymes.e. Most minerals are absorbed by simple diffusion.arrow_forward
- Certain amino acids are essential to the diet of animals because they a. are the most important source of stored energy. b. are needed to make stored fats used during hibernation and migration. c. cannot be synthesized directly by the body. d. prevent over-nourishment.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about carbohydrate digestion? A. Cellulose and lignin found in plants are totally indigestible even with intestinal bacteria. B. The acidity of the stomach prevents chemical digestion of carbohydrates. C. Dextrin and maltose are the products of chemical digestion of starch by pancreatic amylase. D. Disaccharidases produced from the pancreas breaks down oligosaccharides in the intestines.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is/are TRUE?A. Cells in a resting metabolic state have low ATP and NADH.B. Cells in a highly active metabolic state have high ATP but low NADH.C. Cells in a highly active metabolic state has high NADH but low ATP.In the stomach, the dietary fats are emulsified by?A.peristalsisB.pancreatic lipaseC. bile saltsD. lingual lipasearrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education