Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 35.4, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Bones provide the skeletal structure to the body. Bone diseases make the bone fragile, which can break easily. Low bone density enhances osteoporosis, which causes the weakening of bones. Poor nutrition, genetical problems can affect the rate of growth and building of the bones.
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"Disturbance of the balance in the activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in favor of osteoclasts can give rise to the condition known as osteoporosis, the brittle bone syndrome of the elderly", is true or false.
All of the following result in decreased calcium levels in the bloodstream except...
calcitonin inhibition of osteoclasts
pth stimulation of osteoclasts
increased calcitonin levvels
decreased pth or calcitriol levels
Which of the following best describes creation of new bone?
Osteoblasts produce osteoclasts which ultimately becomes new bone
Osteocytes differentiate into osteoprogenitor cells, which through help of osteocytes, becomes new bone
Endosteum becomes yellow bone marrow, which ossifies into osteocytes
Osteoprogenitor daughter cells differentiate into osteoblasts, creating osteocytes, forming new bone
Chapter 35 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 35.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 35.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 35.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 35.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 35.2 - Rigor mortis is the condition that occurs shortly...Ch. 35.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 35.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 35.2 - Prob. 2BCCh. 35.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 35.2 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 35.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 35.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 35.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 35 - Prob. 1TYCh. 35 - Which, if any, of the following is not a function...Ch. 35 - Prob. 3TYCh. 35 - Prob. 4TYCh. 35 - Prob. 5TYCh. 35 - During cross-bridge cycling, binds to _________,....Ch. 35 - Prob. 7TYCh. 35 - Prob. 8TYCh. 35 - Prob. 9TYCh. 35 - Prob. 10TYCh. 35 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 35 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 35 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 35 - Discuss the structure and function of the two...Ch. 35 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Osteomalacia, also known as adult rickets, is abnormal softening of bones in adults. ______ _______ _______ _______arrow_forwardThe surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity is known as osteclasis._________________arrow_forwardAbnormal hardening of bone is known as _____________________.arrow_forward
- Mineralization of bone tissue requires_______. a. calcium ions b. osteoclasts c. elastin d. all of the abovearrow_forwardBone remodeling has all of the following functions except ____________ a. helps maintain homeostasis in blood level of calcium b. replaces old bone with fresh bone tissue c. exchanges collagen with elastin fibers for flexibility d. strengthens bones subjected to mechanical stressarrow_forwardThe hollow center of an osteon (Haversian system) provides space for what vital part of compact bone tissue? a. Marrow b. collagen fibers c. a blood vessel d. osteocytesarrow_forward
- Figure 38.19 Which of the following statements about bone tissue is false? Compact bone tissue is made of cylindrical osteons that are aligned such that they travel the length of the bone. Haversian canals contain blood vessels only. Haversian canals contain blood vessels and nerve fibers. Spongy tissue is found on the inferior of the bone, and compact bone tissue is found on the exterior.arrow_forwardExplain why bone remodeling is important, and give its stepsarrow_forwardMatch the following to their proper description (answers may be used more than once). Osteoblasts Bone matrix Osteoblasts Alkaline phosphatase Osteocytes Osteocytes Osteoclasts Osteoclasts Are derived from monocytes. Are enclosed singly in lacunae. Are large, motite cells with multiple nuclei. Consists of type I collagen fibers, proteoglycans, osteonectin, and other glycoproteins. Contact neighboring cells via long cytoplasmic processes and gap junctions. Creates locally a high concentration of phosphate ions that cause crystallization of calcium phosphate on matrix vesicles. Release small membrane-enclosed matrix vesicles that contain alkaline phosphatase and other enzymes. Synthesize the organic components of the bone matrix.arrow_forward
- Almost all diseases affecting the human skeleton is due to the disproportionate activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. This homeostatic imbalance is driven in part by risk factors including poor dietary calcium intake. Explain the similarities and differences between the key characteristics of and risk factors for osteomalacia versus osteoporosis.arrow_forwardRunning, or exercise/sports in general at the recreational level, is not associated with an increased risk of osteoarthritis of the lower limb joints. Why is this? Healthy cartilage is really good at repairing itself from damage in adulthood. Don't know for sure, but it's suspected that the strains involved trigger the cartilage to grow stronger, especially when young. O The peak loads these movements place on joints are small, similar to the peak loads in walking O The stress-life of cartilage is long enough that these activities cannot exhaust itarrow_forwardIntramembranous ossification of bone is seen in areas where: protection is needed immediately where body weight is borne blood supply is profuse maximum movement occurs 2. You're viewing an X-ray of a radial fracture of a patient whose age you don't know. After carefully examination you can only see an epiphysial line. The patient is most likely a(n) infant adult teenager childarrow_forward
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