Concept explainers
Antibodies of the IgA class are probably more prevalent than those of the IgG class. Explain this and define the benefits this may have for the host.
To explain:
The importance IgA and IgG antibodies with their potential advantages and disadvantages.
Concept introduction:
Antibodies are known as immunoglobulins (Ig) are the potential receptors that can recognize unique aspects of antigen present on the pathogen. Antibodies are produced by the differentiation of B cells into plasma cells. Based on the physical, chemical, and immunological properties, antibodies are classified into five classes namely IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, and IgA.
Explanation of Solution
IgG is the most prevalent antibody found in the human blood serum. IgG is made up of “four polypeptide chains” joined with the help of disulfide bond. IgG exhibits dimerism because it has two similar sites for antigen binding. IgG provides resistance towards the microbes which direly cause infection in the bloodstream. IgG exclusively cross the placenta to provide immunity to the developing fetus.
IgA is the major immunoglobulin present in external secretions in the form of colostrum, tears, and saliva. IgA is present in higher concentration in colostrum which provides resistance towards intestinal diseases in the newborn baby. In contrast to IgG, IgA is considered more beneficial because it acts as the first line of defense against the invasion of microbes in mucosal epithelium.
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Chapter 27 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
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