Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The structure of
Concept introduction:
The isomers that differ in configuration about a carbon that is asymmetric in nature are known as epimers.
(b)
Interpretation:
The structure of
Concept introduction:
The isomers that differ in configuration about the carbon that is asymmetric in nature are known as epimers.
(c)
Interpretation:
The structure of
Concept introduction:
The isomers that differ in configuration about the carbon that is asymmetric in nature are known as epimers.
(d)
Interpretation:
The structure of
Concept introduction:
The isomers that differ in configuration about one the carbon that is asymmetric in nature are known as epimers.
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Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
- Observe carefully the structure below and choose the correct answer. Note "a through e ndicate carbon positions of this monosaccharide. OH н но HỌ HOH,C\ CH.OH ÕH H The structure shown in the figure above represents a A. glucopyranose B. ribofuranose C. myo-inositol D. fructofuranose O E. glucofuranosearrow_forwardB4. CH₂OH H H но. H CH₂OH OH H AR Zeval O OH H H HO H O H OH OH H OH H OH H OH OH/ H H Lactose H OH НО. H OH H H Sucrose The structures of the disaccharides lactose and sucrose are shown above. a) Identify the monosaccharide residue that is common to both disaccharides. OH b) Identify and explain the diastereomeric relationship between two of the monosaccharide units in these sugars. c) Draw a simple mechanism for the lactase-catalyzed cleavage of the glycosidic bond in lactose. d) Explain why lactose and sucrose give different results in the Benedict's test.arrow_forwardА. Нераrin B. Chondroitin-6-sulfate C. Hyaluronic acid D. Dermatan sulfate E. Chondroitin-4-sulfate F. Keratan sulfatearrow_forward
- ACTIVITY-7. Refer to the structure below. Redraw the structures, identify the monosaccharide and classify the type of glycosidic bond. Structure 1. This polysaccharide is made up of one type of monosaccharide. Identify the monosaccharide. What type of glycosidic bond is A and B? ÇH2OH H он ÇH2OH НО -A Он H. H. он ÇH2OH он Но H H H он ÇH2 Он H H OH OH H OH В H Structure 2. Identify the glycosidic bond C, D and E, and identify the monosaccharide F, G, H and I. ÇH2OH CH2OH H Но H ÇH2OH OH H но D E F -OH OH H H2C. H OH ÇH2OH H O OH G H н | он он H Но H H OH -우 -T -우arrow_forwardConstruct the following Carbohydrates:1. Beta-D-Galactopyranosyl(1-4)-Beta-D-Glucopyranose ( Lactose)2. SAlpha-D-Glucopyranosyl(1-2)-Beta-D-Fructofuranoside ( Sucrose)3. Based on the structures in No.1 and No.2, why is it that Lactose is a reducing sugar while Sucrose is not a reducing sugar?4. Amylose- Alpha-D-Glucose(1-4) linked chain5. Amylopectin- Alpha-D-Glucose(1-4) branched in Alpha (1-6) linked chain ( branched every 24-30 Glc)6. Glycogen- Alpha-D-Glucose(1-4) branched in Alpha(1-6) linked chain ( branched every 8 to 12 glucose residues)7. Cellulose- Beta-D-Glucose(1-4) linked chain with Glucose inverted with respect to each otherarrow_forward7. Why are protecting groups needed in this reaction and what is the purpose of CH2C12? Can you explain this reaction to me? I understand intermediate 10 will be a disaccharide. Bno Bno o co, Bno OAc NH TMSOTI (1,2)-linked tetramannoside 10 CH,Clz Bno. он Bno o Bno ROAIarrow_forward
- . Identify the following antioxidant molecule. A. alpha tocopherol hydroquinone dehydroascorbic acid CH3 CH3 C. alpha tocopherol semi-quinone \ / D. ascorbic acid C = C E. alpha tocopherol quinone / \ : O – C C – O CH3 \\ // \ / C – C C – CH2–CH2–CH2–CH–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH–CH3 / \ / l l l CH3 CH2– CH2 CH3 CH3 CH3arrow_forwardThe structure given below is a tetrasaccharide. i) For each pair of sugars (I-II, Il-III, III-IV), identify the type of linkage (i.e., 1→4, 1→6, etc.) that connects them. You do not have to specify whether the linkage is alpha or beta. ii) Identify all sugars that are in a furanose form. ОН ОН I HO- OH ОН О II Но OH Но НО HO- II ОН ОН IVarrow_forwardGlycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are heteropolysaccharides composed of repeating disaccharide units. These units have some similar characteristics that allow them to be identified as GAGS. Which of the structures are examples of glycosaminoglycans? А. C. E. HO HO COO™ H Н ОН Н CH₂OH H H H OH OH Н CH₂OH Н OH H ОН o,so H H Н CH₂OH H H ОН H CH₂OSO H NH C=0 CH, H H Н NH c=0 CH3 H CH,OH OH Н ОН OH H B. D. Н НО H ОН H CH₂OH H ОН Н СОО ОН Н Н H H OSoz H Н OH б H CH₂OH ОН CH₂OSO H ОН H Н OSO, H Н NHSO,arrow_forward
- H. CH,OH H. C=0 21 OH н Он НО НО H. 3. НО H. OH H 4. OH HO H. 4. H. OH OH OH CH»OH CH2OH HOʻHƆ D-Glucose D-Fructose D-Galactose In terms of structure, list (and show on the molecules), two things that the three monosaccharides shown above have in common and two things thát makes the ketohexose different from the two aldohexoses.arrow_forward3. Consider the two following monosaccharides. -HO- но О он H H H H H он H OH Но H OH OH OH Draw the disaccharide that forms between the two in which the glycosidic bond is an a (1→4) linkage. The monosaccharide on the left should be the "left-most" structure you draw. oints) (2inlo0.25slussiom giwolot losee (ajnodis lsida o alarrow_forwardFor the disaccharide shown below answer the following questions. CH,OH H H H OH H НО H ОН HOCH, OH CH2OH H OH H a. Identify this disaccharide. Do not worry about alpha, beta, D or L notation. b. What type of glycosidic bond links the monosaccharide units together? Be sure to include alpha, beta, and numbers if appropriate and in the correct order. c. Write the names of the two monosaccharide units produced by hydrolysis of this disaccharide. Be sure to include alpha, beta, and D appropriately in the names and in the correct order.arrow_forward
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