Concept explainers
Flowchart of accounts related to service and processing departments
Alcoa Inc. is the world's largest producer of aluminum products. One product that Alcoa manufactures is aluminum .sheet products for the aerospace industry. The entire output of the Smelting Department is transferred to the Rolling Department. Part of the fully processed goods from the Rolling Department are sold as rolled sheet, and the remainder of the goods are transferred to the Converting Department for further processing into sheared sheet.
Prepare a diagram using T accounts showing the flow of costs from the processing department accounts into the finished goods accounts and then into the cost of goods sold account. The relevant accounts are as follows:
Cost of Goods Sold
Materials
Factory
Factory Overhead—Rolling Department
Factory Overhead—Converting Department
Finished Goods—Rolled sheet
Finished Goods—Sheared Sheet
Work in Process—Smelting Department
Work in Process—Rolling Department
Work in Process—Converting Department
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Chapter 20 Solutions
Accounting
- Reducir, Inc., produces two different types of hydraulic cylinders. Reducir produces a major subassembly for the cylinders in the Cutting and Welding Department. Other parts and the subassembly are then assembled in the Assembly Department. The activities, expected costs, and drivers associated with these two manufacturing processes are given below. Note: In the assembly process, the materials-handling activity is a function of product characteristics rather than batch activity. Other overhead activities, their costs, and drivers are listed below. Other production information concerning the two hydraulic cylinders is also provided: Required: 1. Using a plantwide rate based on machine hours, calculate the total overhead cost assigned to each product and the unit overhead cost. 2. Using activity rates, calculate the total overhead cost assigned to each product and the unit overhead cost. Comment on the accuracy of the plantwide rate. 3. Calculate the global consumption ratios. 4. Calculate the consumption ratios for welding and materials handling (Assembly) and show that two drivers, welding hours and number of parts, can be used to achieve the same ABC product costs calculated in Requirement 2. Explain the value of this simplification. 5. Calculate the consumption ratios for inspection and engineering, and show that the drivers for these two activities also duplicate the ABC product costs calculated in Requirement 2.arrow_forwardA manufacturing company has two service and two production departments. Human Resources and Machine Repair are the service departments. The production departments are Grinding and Polishing. The following data have been estimated for next years operations: The direct charges identified with each of the departments are as follows: The human resources department services all departments of the company, and its costs are allocated using the numbers of employees within each department, while machine repair costs are allocable to Grinding and Polishing on the basis of machine hours. 1. Distribute the service department costs, using the direct method. 2. Distribute the service department costs, using the sequential distribution method, with the department servicing the greatest number of other departments distributed first.arrow_forwardFIFO Method, Two-Department Analysis Muskoge Company uses a process-costing system. The company manufactures a product that is processed in two departments: Molding and Assembly. In the Molding Department, direct materials are added at the beginning of the process; in the Assembly Department, additional direct materials are added at the end of the process. In both departments, conversion costs are incurred uniformly throughout the process. As work is completed, it is transferred out. The following table summarizes the production activity and costs for February: Molding Assembly Beginning inventories: Physical units 10,000 8,000 Costs: Transferred in — $45,300 Direct materials $22,000 — Conversion costs $13,800 $16,900 Current production: Units started 25,000 ? Units transferred out 30,000 35,000 Costs: Transferred in — ? Direct materials…arrow_forward
- ABC Cost Hierarchy The following activities occur at Greenwich Corporation, a company that manufactures a variety of products. a. Receive raw materials from suppliers. b. Manage parts inventories. c. Do rough milling work on products. d. Interview and process new employees in the personnel department. e. Design new products. f. Perform periodic preventive maintenance on general-use equipment. g. Use the general factory building. h. Issue purchase orders for a job. Required: Classify each of the activities above as either a unit-level, batch-level, product-level, or organization-sustaining activity.arrow_forwardComputation of Equivalent Units of Production—FIFO Method MediSecure, Inc., uses the FIFO method in its process costing system. It produces clear plastic containers for pharmacies in a process that starts in the Molding Department. Data concerning that department’s operations in the most recent period appear below: Required: Compute the Molding Department’s equivalent units of production for materials and conversion for the period.arrow_forwardLogo Inc. has two data services departments (Systems and Facilities) that provide support to the companys three production departments (Machining, Assembly, and Finishing). The overhead costs of the Systems Department are allocated to other departments on the basis of computer usage hours. The overhead costs of the Facilities Department are allocated based on square feet occupied (in thousands). Other information pertaining to Logo is as follows. If Logo employs the direct method of allocating service department costs, the overhead of the Systems Department would be allocated by dividing the overhead amount by: a. 1,200 hours. b. 8,100 hours. c. 9,000 hours. d. 9,300 hours.arrow_forward
- Entries for materials cost flows in a process cost system The Hershey Company manufactures chocolate confectionery products. The three largest raw materials are cocoa, sugar, and dehydrated milk. These raw materials first go into the Blending Department. The blended product is then sent to the Molding Department, where the bars of candy are formed. The candy is then sent to the Packing Department, where the bars are wrapped and boxed. The boxed candy is then sent to the distribution center, where it is eventually sold to food brokers and retailers. Show the accounts debited and credited for each of the following business events: A. Materials used by the Blending Department B. Transfer of blended product to the Molding Department C. Transfer of chocolate to the Packing Department D. Transfer of boxed chocolate to the distribution center E. Sale of boxed chocolatearrow_forwardBecker Tabletops has two support departments (Janitorial and Cafeteria) and two production departments (Cutting and Assembly). Relevant details for these departments are as follows: Allocate the support department costs to the production departments using the direct method.arrow_forwardA manufacturing company has two service and two production departments. Building Maintenance and Factory Office are the service departments. The production departments are Assembly and Machining. The following data have been estimated for next years operations: The direct charges identified with each of the departments are as follows: The building maintenance department services all departments of the company, and its costs are allocated using floor space occupied, while factory office costs are allocable to Assembly and Machining on the basis of direct labor hours. 1. Distribute the service department costs, using the direct method. 2. Distribute the service department costs, using the sequential distribution method, with the department servicing the greatest number of other departments distributed first.arrow_forward
- Activity-based product costing Sweet Sugar Company manufactures three products (white sugar, brown sugar, and powdered sugar) in a continuous production process. Senior management has asked the controller to conduct an activity-based costing study. The controller identified the amount of factory overhead required by the critical activities of the organization as follows: The activity bases identified for each activity are as follows: The activity-base usage quantities and units produced for the three products were determined from corporate records and are as follows: Each product requires 0.5 machine hour per unit. Instructions Determine the activity rate for each activity. Determine the total and per-unit activity cost for all three products. Round to nearest cent. Why arent the activity unit costs equal across all three products since they require the same machine time per unit?arrow_forwardJob order cost accounting for a service company The Fly Company provides advertising services for clients across the nation. The Fly Company is presently working on four projects, each for a different client. The Fly Company accumulates costs for each account (client) on the basis of both direct costs and allocated indirect costs. The direct costs include the charged time of professional personnel and media purchases (air time and ad space). Overhead is allocated to each project as a percentage of media purchases. The predetermined overhead rate is 65% of media purchases. On August 1, the four advertising projects had the following accumulated costs: During August, The Fly Company incurred the following direct labor and media purchase costs related to preparing advertising for each of the four accounts: At the end of August, both the Vault Bank and Take Off Airlines campaigns were completed. The costs of completed campaigns are debited to the cost of services account. Journalize the summary entry to record each of the following for the month: A. Direct labor costs B. Media purchases C. Overhead applied D. Completion of Vault Bank and Take Off Airlines campaignsarrow_forward
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