Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Organic product that is formed in the given reaction has to be classified as primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine or quaternary salt.
Concept Introduction:
Alkylation reaction is a reaction in which the transfer of alkyl group from one molecule to another molecule takes place. While considering
Amine is an organic derivative. If in ammonia one or more alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl groups are substituted instead of hydrogen atom then it is known as amine. Depending on the number of substitution the amines are classified as primary, secondary or tertiary amine. Primary amine is the one in which only one hydrogen atom in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group. Secondary amine is the one in which only two hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group. Tertiary amine is the one in which all three hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group. The generalized structural formula for all the amines is,
Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.
(a)
Answer to Problem 17.64EP
Organic product is a primary amine.
Explanation of Solution
Given reaction is,
The reactants given in the above reaction are ammonia, isopropyl chloride. Sodium hydroxide is a reagent that is used for basic condition in this case. As the reaction between ammonia and isopropyl chloride gives isopropylamine as the product, this is an alkylation reaction. The complete reaction can be shown as,
The organic product formed has a nitrogen atom that is bonded to one carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms. Hence, it is a primary amine.
The organic product formed in the given reaction is classified.
(b)
Interpretation:
Organic product that is formed in the given reaction has to be classified as primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine or quaternary salt.
Concept Introduction:
Alkylation reaction is a reaction in which the transfer of alkyl group from one molecule to another molecule takes place. While considering amines, the alkylating agent that is used is alkyl halides. Alkylation is done under basic conditions. The general equations for amines alkylation process is,
Amine is an organic derivative. If in ammonia one or more alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl groups are substituted instead of hydrogen atom then it is known as amine. Depending on the number of substitution the amines are classified as primary, secondary or tertiary amine. Primary amine is the one in which only one hydrogen atom in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group. Secondary amine is the one in which only two hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group. Tertiary amine is the one in which all three hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group. The generalized structural formula for all the amines is,
Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.
(b)
Answer to Problem 17.64EP
Organic product is a tertiary amine.
Explanation of Solution
Given reaction is,
The reactants given in the above reaction are dimethylamine, methyl bromide. Sodium hydroxide is a reagent that is used for basic condition in this case. As the reaction between dimethylamine and methyl bromide gives trimethylamine as the product, this is an alkylation reaction. The complete reaction can be shown as,
The organic product formed has a nitrogen atom that is bonded to three carbon atoms. Hence, it is a tertiary amine.
The organic product formed in the given reaction is classified.
(c)
Interpretation:
Organic product that is formed in the given reaction has to be classified as primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine or quaternary salt.
Concept Introduction:
Alkylation reaction is a reaction in which the transfer of alkyl group from one molecule to another molecule takes place. While considering amines, the alkylating agent that is used is alkyl halides. Alkylation is done under basic conditions. The general equations for amines alkylation process is,
Amine is an organic derivative. If in ammonia one or more alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl groups are substituted instead of hydrogen atom then it is known as amine. Depending on the number of substitution the amines are classified as primary, secondary or tertiary amine. Primary amine is the one in which only one hydrogen atom in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group. Secondary amine is the one in which only two hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group. Tertiary amine is the one in which all three hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group. The generalized structural formula for all the amines is,
Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.
(c)
Answer to Problem 17.64EP
Organic product is a secondary amine.
Explanation of Solution
Given reaction is,
The reactants given in the above reaction are propylamine, ethyl bromide. Sodium hydroxide is a reagent that is used for basic condition in this case. As the reaction between propylamine and ethyl bromide gives ethylpropylamine as the product, this is an alkylation reaction. The complete reaction can be shown as,
The organic product formed has a nitrogen atom that is bonded to two carbon atoms and one hydrogen atom. Hence, it is a secondary amine.
The organic product formed in the given reaction is classified.
(d)
Interpretation:
Organic product that is formed in the given reaction has to be classified as primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine or quaternary salt.
Concept Introduction:
Alkylation reaction is a reaction in which the transfer of alkyl group from one molecule to another molecule takes place. While considering amines, the alkylating agent that is used is alkyl halides. Alkylation is done under basic conditions. The general equations for amines alkylation process is,
Amine is an organic derivative. If in ammonia one or more alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl groups are substituted instead of hydrogen atom then it is known as amine. Depending on the number of substitution the amines are classified as primary, secondary or tertiary amine. Primary amine is the one in which only one hydrogen atom in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group. Secondary amine is the one in which only two hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group. Tertiary amine is the one in which all three hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydrocarbon group. The generalized structural formula for all the amines is,
Quaternary ammonium salt is the one that has four carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. This is formed by the reaction of tertiary amine with alkyl halide in presence of a strong base.
(d)
Answer to Problem 17.64EP
Organic product is a tertiary amine.
Explanation of Solution
Given reaction is,
The reactants given in the above reaction are ethylisopropylamine, 2-chlorobutane. Sodium hydroxide is a reagent that is used for basic condition in this case. As the reaction between ethylisopropylamine and 2-chlorobutane gives a tertiary amine as the product, this is an alkylation reaction. The complete reaction can be given as,
The organic product formed has a nitrogen atom that is bonded to three carbon atoms. Hence, it is a tertiary amine.
The organic product formed in the given reaction is classified.
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Chapter 17 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
- Write the common name for each amine. HỌC—N—CH,CH3 H₂C-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂ Ethylbutylamine common name: Incorrect HC—CH,—N—CH,—CHy CH₂ CH3 diethylethylamine common name: Incorrect These compounds are tertiary amines.arrow_forwardComplete this table for different amine compounds. Chemical propylamine quaternary ammonium ion methylphenylamine Molecular formula C3H9N C₂H7N C5H13N C4H10N Structural formula (CH3)3N (CH3)2NH CH 3 I (CH₂) 11 | H3C(CH2) 11 -N-(CH₂)11CH3 NHCH3 (CH₂)11 CH3 CH3CH2CH2-NH-CH3 + Classification Tertiary Quaternary Tertiary Secondaryarrow_forwardWrite the systematic (IUPAC) names for the amines. The names should have the format alkanamine. H₂C-N-CH3 H3C-CH2-CH-CH3 systematic (IUPAC) name: HC-N-CH2-CH3 HC-CH2-CH2-CH₂ systematic (IUPAC) name: These compounds are amines.arrow_forward
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