Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 1, Problem 1CT
The diagram to the right shows how tiles can be put together in different ways. How does this example relate to the role of DNA as the universal genetic material in organisms?
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Refer to Figure 2 and compare this with the DNA model in Figure 1.
a. In what ways are they similar?
b. In what ways are they different?
c. What is the biological significance of such differences? Why is the DNA referred to as the genetic material?
If the DNA of one human cell is stretched out, it would be almost 6 feet long and contain over three billion base pairs. How does all this fit into the nucleus of one cell?
Shown below is a DNA coding strand. A base (*G*) mutates to Adenine (A). What will be the resulting amino acid sequence as a result of the mutation? What type of mutation occured?
Hint: Determine the template, then first determine the amino acid sequence before the mutation, and then determine the amino acid sequence after the mutation. Show how you got your answer.
5' T-A-C-T-T-C-C-A-*G*-C-C-G-C-T-C 3'
Chapter 1 Solutions
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 1 - You are a living organism. Which characteristics...Ch. 1 - Why is the concept of homeostasis meaningful in...Ch. 1 - What is meant by biological evolution?Ch. 1 - Prob. 4RQCh. 1 - Define and distinguish between: a. a hypothesis...Ch. 1 - Instructions in __________ govern how organisms...Ch. 1 - A _______ is the smallest unit that can live and...Ch. 1 - _______ is a state in which an organisms internal...Ch. 1 - Humans are _________ (animals with backbones);...Ch. 1 - Prob. 5SQ
Ch. 1 - A scientific approach to explaining some aspect of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 7SQCh. 1 - A related set of hypotheses that collectively...Ch. 1 - Which of the following is not a feature of a...Ch. 1 - The diagram below depicts the concept of _______....Ch. 1 - The diagram to the right shows how tiles can be...Ch. 1 - Court witnesses are asked to tell the truth, the...Ch. 1 - Design a test (or series of tests) to support or...Ch. 1 - In a popular magazine article the author reports...Ch. 1 - Researchers studied 393 patients in a hospitals...
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- Models of real-world phenomena can reveal important links between structure and function in biology. Describe how the structure of DNA revealed by theWatson and Crick model suggests how it functions in living things.arrow_forwardEach cell of the human body contains 46 chromosomes. How many DNA molecules does this statement represent? How many different types of DNA molecules does it represent?arrow_forwardDraw a picture that illustrates how DNA helicase works.arrow_forward
- Suppose the following base sequence was found in a segment of one strand of a DNA molecule: 3’ A-A-T-A-C-C-T-C-C-T-A-A-C-T 5’ What would be the bases in the complementary strand? Label the 3’ and the 5’ ends. Illustrate the DNA molecule below. Label the 3’ and the 5’ ends of both strands. Separate the above DNA molecule up to the seventh base. Add one primer for the leading strand complementary to the first base Adenine of the template strand. Add one primer for the lagging strand complementary to the seventh base Adenine of the template strand. Illustrate the DNA molecule. Label the 3’ and 5’ ends. Elongate the new strands up the seventh base by adding DNA bases complementary to the template strand. Illustrate the resulting DNA molecule. Label the 3’ and the 5’ ends of the template strands and the complementary strands. Elongate the new strands up the seventh base by adding DNA bases complementary to the template strand. Illustrate the resulting DNA molecule. Label the 3’ and the 5’…arrow_forwardUsing the figure below identify: What is a function of introns and exons? What is a role of mobile DNA elements? What is a meaning of simple-sequence DNA?arrow_forwardNeema wants to determine whether or not the nucleus of a cell differs in the chemical compounds they contain or not from species to species. She is planning on working with the nucleus of a human and the nucleus of a mouse. She has removed all of the DNA from each nucleus, then has selected and isolated one DNA fragment from each species. What results can Neema expect if she takes the human DNA fragment and inserts it into the mouse nucleus and then inserts the mouse DNA fragment into the human nucleus? Use your knowledge of DNA replication to answer.arrow_forward
- Does all DNA have a function? Is all of the DNA in your genome, for example, part of a gene? Explain (be specific).arrow_forwardIllustrate some steps involved in DNA replication :Suppose the following base sequence was found in a segment of one strand of a DNA molecule: 3’ A-A-T-A-C-C-T-C-C-T-A-A-C-T 5’ What would be the bases in the complementary strand? Label the 3’ and the 5’ ends. Illustrate the DNA molecule below. Label the 3’ and the 5’ ends of both strands. Separate the above DNA molecule up to the seventh base. Add one primer for the leading strand complementary to the first base Adenine of the template strand. Add one primer for the lagging strand complementary to the seventh base Adenine of the template strand. Illustrate the DNA molecule. Label the 3’ and 5’ ends. Elongate the new strands up the seventh base by adding DNA bases complementary to the template strand. Illustrate the resulting DNA molecule. Label the 3’ and the 5’ ends of the template strands and the complementary strands. Elongate the new strands up the seventh base by adding DNA bases complementary to the template strand. Illustrate…arrow_forwardWhat percentage of the DNA in the genome actually corresponds to genes? How much is actually protein-coding exons? What makes up the rest?arrow_forward
- Use the following information to answer the next question In the early part of the last century , biologists thought that proteins might be the camers of genetic information. It is now known that DNA is the genetic molecule in living organisms and that RNA cames genetic information in some viruses. Proteins are not suitable to be the genetic molecules within cells because they A.) are large organic compounds B.) are composed of building blocks called amino acids C.) do not replicate themselves D.) catalyze biochemical reactionsarrow_forwardWhich statement BEST describes the arrangement of components in a DNA molecule? The A, T, C, G four bases as well as the phosphates are located toward the inside of the strands. The A, T, C, G four bases are located toward the inside of the strands and the phosphates toward the outside. The A, T, C, G four bases are located toward the outside of the strands and phosphates toward the interior. The A, T, C, G four bases as well as the phosphates are located toward the outside of the strands.arrow_forwardUsing the figure below, which end of the double helix,"A" or "B", would be considered the 5 prime end? B (type "A" or "B" in the blank) Which of the following statements would best explain your reasoning for question 1? 1 (type 1, 2 or 3 in the blank) The end of the DNA strand with the phosphate exposed is the 5 prime end The end of the DNA strand that shows the five carbon sugar pointing down is the 5 prime end The end of the DNA strand with the fifth carbon on the sugar molecule is the 5 prime endarrow_forward
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