Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321775658
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 55.1, Problem 3CC
MAKE CONNECTIONS Ø Use the second law of thermody-namics to explain why an ecosystem's energy supply must be continually replenished (see Concept 8.1).
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MAKE CONNECTIONS Review the discussion of feedback regulation in Concept 1.1. Could effects of globalwarming on peatlands alter CO2 concentrations in waysthat result in negative or positive feedback? Explain.
please draw! make everything clear please!
Create a model which accurately, in detail, depicts the potential pathways of carbon (biomass) and energy in an ecosystem with at least five trophic levels (don’t forget your decomposers, they can count as one trophic level). Make sure to incorporate the multiple pathways that biomass and energy could take at each trophic level. Lastly, clearly illustrate how carbon and energy flow in this ecosystem. Be sure to include adequate levels of detail for all pathways and differentiate the flow of carbon and energy in your model.
Interconnectedness of the Biosphere and Atmosphere
Question: Please propose an explanation for the correlation between the annual fluctuations of atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and annual cycles
of phytoplankton biomass shown in the figures below. Describe the mechanisms that lead to the correlation you proposed.
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
SCIAMACHY/ENVISAT Northern Hemisphere
SCIAMACHY
390
Mauna Loa, Hawaii, USA (3397 m), NOAA/ESRL
Mace Head, Ireland (25 m), NOAA/ESRL
380
SCIAMACHY
370
XCO, [ppm]
364
376
388
360
Michael.Buchwitz@iup.physik.uni-bremen.de
NOAA data: ftp://ftp.cmdl.noaa.gov/ccg/co2/flask/month/
350
1994
1996 1998
2000
2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
Year
Fig. 1: Annual cycles of phytoplankton biomass in the Southern Ocean.
MMMM
Winter
Summer
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
В I
Integrated
CO, mixing ratio [ppm]
DI
Chapter 55 Solutions
Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
Ch. 55.1 - Why is the transfer of energy in an ecosystem...Ch. 55.1 - WHAT IF? You are studying nitrogen cycling on the...Ch. 55.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Use the second law of...Ch. 55.2 - Why is only a small portion of the solar energy...Ch. 55.2 - How can ecologists experimentally determine the...Ch. 55.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Explain how nitrogen and...Ch. 55.3 - If an insect that eats plant seeds containing 100...Ch. 55.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 55.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 55.4 - DRAW IT For each of the four biogeochemical...
Ch. 55.4 - Why does deforestation of a watershed increase the...Ch. 55.4 - WHAT IF? Why is nutrient availability in a...Ch. 55.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 55.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 55 - Considering the second law of thermodynamics,...Ch. 55 - Prob. 55.2CRCh. 55 - Why would runners hove a lower production...Ch. 55 - If decomposers usually grow faster and decompose...Ch. 55 - In preparing a site for surface mining and later...Ch. 55 - Which of the following organisms is incorrectly...Ch. 55 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 55 - The discipline that applies ecological principles...Ch. 55 - Level 2: Application/Analysis 4. Nitrifying...Ch. 55 - Which of the following has the greatest effect on...Ch. 55 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 55 - Which of the following would be considered an...Ch. 55 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 55 - Level 3: Synthesis/Evaluation 9. DRAW IT (a) Draw...Ch. 55 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 55 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 55 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ENERGY AND MATTER...Ch. 55 - Prob. 13TYU
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- WRITE ABOUT A THEME: Energy and MatterDecomposition typically occurs quickly in moist tropicalforests. However, waterlogging in the soil of some moisttropical forests results over time in a buildup of organicmatter called “peat.” In a short essay (100–150 words), discussthe relationship of net primary production, net ecosystemproduction, and decomposition for such an ecosystem. AreNPP and NEP likely to be positive? What do you think wouldhappen to NEP if a landowner drained the water from atropical peatland, exposing the organic matter to air?arrow_forwardFor every megajoule of used by the phytoplankton in the michigan. How many joules of energy are used in building cell tissue in the lake trout?How many in humans? Use the food chain pathPhytoplankton > zooplankton > alawite > lake trout > humansGiven that only 10% of energy consumed is converted biomas.arrow_forwardThinking Analytically Is phytoplankton productivity highest at the ocean surface? What advantage would optimum productivity at a depth below the surface provide to phytoplankton?arrow_forward
- Create a model which accurately, in detail, depicts the potential pathways of carbon and energy in an ecosystem with the following organisms: grass, mice, snakes, and hawks (don’t forget your decomposers as well).Make sure to incorporate multiple pathways and clearly illustrate how carbon and energy flow in this ecosystem.arrow_forwardMAKE CONNECTIONS Refer to the discussion of oceanacidification in Concept 3.3. Ocean acidification andchanges in the distribution of C3 and C4 plants may seemto be two very different problems, but what do theyhave in common? Explain.arrow_forward4. Energy is always transferred from a. autotrophs to heterotrophs b. heterotrophs to autotrophs c._ autotrophs to decomposersarrow_forward
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- nce-SC5 x P Parchment Exchange - Leader core.learn.edgenuity.com/player/ Science - SC5181 A 1 X Unmark this question + M A volcanic eruption on loeland decimated the vegetation in the area. Which of the following would best support the repatriation of autotrophs? O Islands like Iceland cannot be colonized by new organisms or repatriated due to their size. O Humans replanting vegetation already native to the island would help it recover quickly O Iceland is a large island and the vegetation would be best revived by allowing succession to take its natural course O Distance from the mainland is a key component for human-supported repatriation. DELL A Save and Exit 0 Next G < Sign out English V Oct 27 D Submit ⠀ Kinley Heath 10:09 Aarrow_forwardFOOD WEB AND FOOD CHAIN WORKSHEET 1 Look at this food chain. lettuce greenfly ladybird thrush cat Text Here a What does the arrow mean in a food chain? Text Here b Name the producer in the food chain c Name the third trophic level in the food chain. Text Here Text Here d Name the tertiary consumer in the food chain. Text Here e What is the ultimate source of energy that drives the food chain?arrow_forwardsupport or refute the following statements based on what you learned about energy flow, biogeochemical cycling, decomposition, trophic levels, and keystone species. You may add a diagram or illustration to support your answer. Planting mangroves is better than putting dolomite sand on the coast of the polluted Manila Bay.arrow_forward
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