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Concept explainers
3-21 Write the formula for the most stable ion formed by each element.
(a) Mg
(b) F
(c) Al
(d)S
(e)K
(f) Br
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Interpretation:
The formula for the most stable ion formed by
Concept Introduction:
Octet rule: generally all atoms will lose, gain or share electrons to attain 8 valence electrons; the electronic configuration of the nearest noble element.
Duet rule: generally some atoms like hydrogen, lithium, beryllium will lose, gain or share electrons to attain 2 valence electrons; the electronic configuration of the nearest noble element like helium.
Answer to Problem 3.21P
The formula for the most stable ion formed by
Explanation of Solution
The atomic number or number of electrons of
When
The electronic configuration of the nearest noble element like helium, neon argon is the stable configuration hence the formula for the most stable ion formed by
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Interpretation:
The formula for the most stable ion formed by
Concept Introduction:
Octet rule: generally all atoms will lose, gain or share electrons to attain 8 valence electrons; the electronic configuration of the nearest noble element.
Duet rule: generally some atoms like hydrogen, lithium, beryllium will lose, gain or share electrons to attain 2 valence electrons; the electronic configuration of the nearest noble element like helium.
Answer to Problem 3.21P
The formula for the most stable ion formed by
Explanation of Solution
The atomic number or number of electrons of
When
The electronic configuration of the nearest noble element like helium, neon argon is the stable configuration hence the formula for the most stable ion formed by
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Interpretation:
The formula for the most stable ion formed by
Concept Introduction:
Octet rule: generally all atoms will lose, gain or share electrons to attain 8 valence electrons; the electronic configuration of the nearest noble element.
Duet rule: generally some atoms like hydrogen, lithium, beryllium will lose, gain or share electrons to attain 2 valence electrons; the electronic configuration of the nearest noble element like helium.
Answer to Problem 3.21P
The formula for the most stable ion formed by
Explanation of Solution
The atomic number or number of electrons of
When
The electronic configuration of the nearest noble element like helium, neon argon is the stable configuration hence the formula for the most stable ion formed by
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Interpretation:
The formula for the most stable ion formed by
Concept Introduction:
Octet rule: generally all atoms will lose, gain or share electrons to attain 8 valence electrons; the electronic configuration of the nearest noble element.
Duet rule: generally some atoms like hydrogen, lithium, beryllium will lose, gain or share electrons to attain 2 valence electrons; the electronic configuration of the nearest noble element like helium.
Answer to Problem 3.21P
The formula for the most stable ion formed by
Explanation of Solution
The atomic number or number of electrons of
When
The electronic configuration of the nearest noble element like helium, neon argon is the stable configuration hence the formula for the most stable ion formed by
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Interpretation:
The formula for the most stable ion formed by
Concept Introduction:
Octet rule: generally all atoms will lose, gain or share electrons to attain 8 valence electrons; the electronic configuration of the nearest noble element.
Duet rule: generally some atoms like hydrogen, lithium, beryllium will lose, gain or share electrons to attain 2 valence electrons; the electronic configuration of the nearest noble element like helium.
Answer to Problem 3.21P
The formula for the most stable ion formed by
Explanation of Solution
The atomic number or number of electrons of
When
The electronic configuration of the nearest noble element like helium, neon argon is the stable configuration hence the formula for the most stable ion formed by
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Interpretation:
The formula for the most stable ion formed by
Concept Introduction:
Octet rule: generally all atoms will lose, gain or share electrons to attain 8 valence electrons; the electronic configuration of the nearest noble element.
Duet rule: generally some atoms like hydrogen, lithium, beryllium will lose, gain or share electrons to attain 2 valence electrons; the electronic configuration of the nearest noble element like helium.
Answer to Problem 3.21P
The formula for the most stable ion formed by
Explanation of Solution
The atomic number or number of electrons of
When
The electronic configuration of the nearest noble element like helium, neon argon is the stable configuration hence the formula for the most stable ion formed by
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
- 3-58 In Section 2-3B, we saw that there are seven diatomic elements. (a) Draw Lewis structures for each of these diatomic elements. (b) Which diatomic elements are gases at room temperature? Which are liquids? Which are solids?arrow_forward3-41 Describe the structure of sodium chloride in the solid state.arrow_forward3-25 Why are carbon and silicon reluctant to form ionic bonds?arrow_forward
- 2-98 Explain how the ionization energy of atoms changes when proceeding down a group of the Periodic Table and explain why this change occurs.arrow_forward3-26 Table 3-2 shows the following ions of copper: Cu+ and Cu2+. Do these violate the octet rule? Explain.arrow_forward3-63 What is the difference between (a) a bromine atom, (b) a bromine molecule, and (c) a bromide ion? Draw the Lewis structure for each.arrow_forward
- 3-78 Nitrous oxide, N20, laughing gas, is a colorless, nontoxic, tasteless, and odorless gas. It is used as an inhalation anesthetic in dental and other surgeries. Because nitrous oxide is soluble in vegetable oils (fats), it is used commercially as a propellant in whipped toppings Nitrous oxide dissolves in fats. The gas is added under pressure to cans of whipped topping. When the valve is opened, the gas expands, thus expanding (whipping) the topping and forcing it out of the can. (a) How many valence electrons are present in a molecule of N20? (b) Write two equivalent contributing structures for this molecule. The connectivity in nitrous oxide is NNO. (c) Explain why the following is not an acceptable contributing structure:arrow_forward3-46 Which formulas are not correct? For each that is not correct, write the correct formula. (a) Calcium oxide; CaO2 (b) Lithium oxide; LiO (c) Sodium hydrogen phosphate; NaHPO4 (d) Ammonium nitrate; NH4NO3arrow_forward2-59 You are presented with a Lewis dot structure of element X as X.. To which two groups in the Periodic Table might this element belong?arrow_forward
- Write the chemical formula for the ionic compound formed from each pair of ions.(a) Mg2+ and I-(b) Na+ and O2-arrow_forward2. Draw the Lewis structures for each of the following ions or molecules. Give the number of electrons in each species. Remember to enclose ions in square brackets with the charge as a superscript outside the right bracket. (a) Br 20 (c) BrF 3 (e) PCI 4* (b) IOF 3 (I is the central atom) (d) ASF 3arrow_forwardName each ionic compound. In each of these compounds,the metal forms only one type of ion. (a) CsCl (b) SrBr2 (c) K2O (d) LiFarrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
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