Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 24.2, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The microbiome consists of all the genetic material of the entire collection of microbes in a specific environment. Species of archaea, bacteria, protists and fungi are considered to be microorganisms. Some microbiomes are found within physical systems such as oceans, ice, freshwater and soils. Some microbiomes are associated with living organisms.
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Which of the following is a difference between transient and resident microbiota?
Transient microbiota are pathogenic, and resident microbiota are not.
Resident microbiota remain on the host for an extended period.
Humans do not have transient microbiota.
Transient microbiota can be opportunistic pathogens, and resident microbiota cannot.
Resident microbiota cause disease and transient microbiota do not.
The term "colonization" is best described as:
a large group of unicellular organisms
presence of bacteria on our body that may not necessarily cause harm
a virus that will colonize bacteria and make the disease more virulent
all of the above
A professional microbiologist is least likely to study which of the following organisms?
A large bacterium like Epulopiscium fishelsoni that is visible to the naked eye
A small single-celled eukaryote like Plasmodium falciparum
Pyrococcus furiosus, an extremophilic Archaeon
Human egg and sperm cells
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- Pick a specific microbiome (i.e. skin, mouth, gut, reproductive) and discuss interesting points and how it is important to human health/diversity/etc. Here you can discuss any aspect of the microbiome that you like. Whatever is of most interest to you personally for example the uniqueness of an individual’s microbiome or disease states due to disruptions in bacterial communities, etc. Find a recent (2015 or newer) primary research article that investigates some aspect of the microbiome environment that you discussed in question 2 and discuss the findings and how it has increased our understanding of the microbiome.arrow_forwardWhich of the following situations does NOT demonstrate the importance of a healthy microbiome? Group of answer choices Anthony suffers from debilitating diarrhea after a lengthy course of antibiotics to treat his MRSA infection. Andy is lactose intolerant. His body does not break down lactose, so the microorganisms in the gut do it for him. Mary suffers from colon cancer. While being treated, she develops an opportunistic Bacteroides fragilis infection. Jenna is prone to yeast infections, so she routinely eats yogurt and takes a probiotic supplement to increase the amount of lactic acid bacteria in her vagina.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a true statement? Infected people without symptoms can sometimes transmit their infection to others None of the other four answers (All are true statements) Infectious diseases are still one of the leading causes of death in some parts of the world For a given microbe, the number of cells or virus particles required to cause an infection (ID50) is always the same, regardless of the portal of entry Zoonoses can spread from animals to humansarrow_forward
- Beaches are monitored to protect public health. Waterborne pathogens can cause illnesses. Which of the following is not a common type of pathogen at the beach? Bacteria Protozoa Viruses Wormsarrow_forwardWhich one of these is not considered a microbe or microorganism? Viruses Bacteria Ticks Dragongfly protozoa Fleas Molds Archaeaarrow_forwardAll of the following are true about the normal microbiota of humans EXCEPT: They are important for resistance against infection by pathogens They are present in large numbers in the upper respiratory tract and mouth They are present in large numbers on the skin Some are transient and others permanently colonize the host They can be found throughout the body, including all internal organsarrow_forward
- Which organism is least likely to cause disease? bacteria protozoa algae parasitic worms virusesarrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of a noncommunicable infectious disease? infection with a respiratory virus food poisoning due to a preformed bacterial toxin in food skin infection acquired from a dog bite infection acquired from the stick of a contaminated needlearrow_forwardA microbiologist argued that there is no such thing as “normal” microbiota of the human body, since the population is dynamic and is constantly changing, depending on diet and external environment. What would be an argument against this microbiologist’s view?arrow_forward
- Which statements describe ways in which antibiotic resistant bacteria can spread? Health care workers become infected after have interacting with sick patients. Hospital visitors transfer resistant bacteria from patients to family or community members. Animals raised for meat or milk are routinely given antibiotics. Animal feces is used as a fertilizer for food crops. Antibacterial soaps are used at home, at schools, and in hospitals.arrow_forwardFor most folks, their knowledge of the importance of microbes is limited to just those microbes that cause sickness. However, you know better! Which of the following describes a true critical feature of microbe biology illustrating their importance? they are used in the food and beverage production industry. some produce oxygen. microbes are very small, and make up a very small portion of the Earth's biomass. they are important food source for aquatic life they are critical for the process of decay. some can fix atmospheric nitrogen which is important for plant growth. they influence our neurobiology and are critical components of ruminant animal digestive systems.arrow_forwardYour microbiome is composed of? Question options: The transient microbiota and genetic material of a person The resident microbiota and genetic material of a person The transient microbiota of a person The transient and resident microbiota of a personarrow_forward
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