What is cardiac output? How do you anticipate increased heart rate to impact stroke volume? Briefly explain your answer by outlining the impact of heart rate on the phases of the cardiac cycle.

There are three major factors that affect stroke volume and therefore affect cardiac output: afterload, preload, and contractility. Explain how and why each of these factors affects cardiac output. Each answer must explain what the factor is as well as how it affects cardiac output.

What is the function of the pulmonary circulation In a resting state, explain what happened to the heart rate when the stroke volume decreased. Why does this occur? DescribetheFlank-Starlinglawintheheart. Compare the structural features of the different chambers and valves of the heart and how this relates to their function. Explain the flow of the blood as it passes through the heart. Describe how the heart alters stroke volume under sympathetic stimulation.     please answer the queations into 2 paragraphs. thanks.

A 43-year-old woman has congestive heart failure after a myocardial infarction. Before the myocardial infarction, she had a cardiac output of 5 L/min and a right atrial pressure of 0 mm Hg at rest. The solid curve in the graph shows the relationship between right atrial pressure and cardiac output in a normal heart. Which of the following lettered points best represents the change in this relationship after the development of congestive heart failure?

60) If the TV=50 and the ERV = 100 and the IRV = 75 and the RV = 200, what is the VC? Group of answer choices 175 425 150 125 225 61) Referring to the Cardiac Output formula, which value is most important in determining the cardiac output for an individual who is not in good shape? Group of answer choices Heart Rate End-diastolic volume Stroke Volume End-systolic volume 63) Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin _____times as strongly as oxygen does. Group of answer choices 25 200 50 100 2 64) When exercising, Starling’s Law comes into effect. Constantly contracting muscles will increase the venous return to the heart. Which of the following will be true in this case? Group of answer choices Local constriction of precapillary sphincters that control blood flow to the exercising muscle Decrease in Heart Rate Dilation of blood vessels that go to the digestive organs Decrease in the diameter of blood vessels to the exercising muscles Increase in…

Critically ill patients in a cardiovascular intensive care unit must be intensely monitored for any number of conditions. One of these conditions is hypoperfusion, which is an overall decrease in blood flow throughout the body. Low stroke volume is one indicator of hypoperfusion. The pressure-volume (PV) graph below shows three possible loops for the heart. The control loop shows a healthy heart while the other two loops show reduced or increased preload (assuming that afterload and contractility remain fixed). 200 LV Pressure (mmHg) 100 Preload Control ↑ Preload 100 LV Volume (ml) (a) What is the stroke volume for the control patient? RK '15 200 (b) A healthy heart rate (HR) is measured as 80 beats per minute. What is the control patient's cardiac output CO? Control patient's CO: mL min

Indicate whether each of the following variables has a direct or inverse relationship to Cardiac Output.

Based on the results shown in Figure 3, was there a significant difference in mean change of heart rate before and after exercise? Base your discussion of these results on what you know about the effects of exercise on the cardiac cycle and stroke volume

Match the pieces of the negative feedback arc that regulated the increase in stroke volume seen during exercise by Jose. Answer choices (arteriolar smooth muscle, increase in MAP, decrease in total peripheral resistance, sympathetic nervous system, hypothalamus, ventricular cardiac muscle cells, baroreceptor, afferent nerves, medulla oblongata, increase in total peripheral resistance, decrease in osmolarity of blood, SA node of heart, decrease in MAP, increase in osmolarity of blood, homunculus)

Describe how cardiac performance is measured in cardiac output. In your answer, be sure to describe the role of stroke volume (SV) and HR by defining each and discussing factors that influence SV in particular both during acute exercise and following chronic exercise training.