Pharm Test 4 prototypes drugs

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Bryant & Stratton College *

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215

Subject

Medicine

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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Uploaded by BrigadierFogButterfly70

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) – H1 Blocker. Tx: minor allergies. AE: Drowsiness, Anticholinergic Effects. Photosensitivity. Fluticasone (Flonase) – Intranasal corticosteroid, local. Tx: decrease local inflammation. AE: Nose bleeds (epitastic), local irritation. Oxymetazoline (Afrin) – Sypathomimetic, oral & nasal. Activates Alpha-adrenergic receptors, constrict, drying mucous membrane. AE: Rebound congestion, limit 3-5 days. Dextromethorphan (Robitussin) – cough suppressant. AE: Dizzy, drowsy, GI upset, CNS toxicity, slurred speech, respiratory depression, seizure, coma. (Robotripping) *NO Grapefruit juice* (CH-38) Albuterol (Proventil) – Beta2-adrenergic agonist. Tx: Acute bronchospasm. AE: Palpitations, headache, sore throat, tremor, nervousness, chest pain, dry mouth, tachycardia. **Caffeine NO** Ipratropium (Atrovent) – Anticholinergic, bronchodilate by blocking cholinergic receptors. Less effective than Albuterol cause of peak time. AE: Dry cough, bitter taste, hoarseness, dry of nasal mucosa. Beclomethasone (Beconase AQ) – Inhaled corticosteroid. Tx: Decrease frequency of attacks. AE: Hoarseness, dry mouth, changes in taste, cataracts. **Not a bronchodialator** Zafirlukast (Accolate) – Leukotrine modifier. Tx: Persistant chronic asthma. AE: Headache, N/D. **Don’t take on empty stomach** (CH-39) Niacin – Tx: decrease VLDL levels. AE: Flushing, Hot flashes **Give Aspirin 30 min before**, N/D Ezetimibe - Tx: Modest reduction of LDL. AE: Rhabdomylosis. Atorvastatin (Lipitor) – Statin, inhibits HMG-CoA, increases removal of LDL. Tx: Reduce risk of MU or stroke. AE: Muscle cramps, constipation, rhabdomyolysis. *Hyperkalemia, hypovalemic, hypocalcemia, acute renal failure* **NO Grapefruit juice** Cholestyramine (Questran) – Bile acid sequestrant. Takes 30 days or more. AE: Constipation, bloating, gas, nausea. **NOT with digoxin or warfarin** Gemfibrozil (Lopid) – replaced with statins. Tx: For severe hypertriglyceridemia, 50% reduction in VLDL w/increase of HDL. AE: GI related, dyspepsia, D/N, cramping. (CH-22) Enalapril (Vasotec) – Ace Inhibitor. Tx: hypertension AE: Hyperkalemia, orthostatic hypotension, headache, dizzy, angioedema, neutropenia, agranulocytosis. Nifedipine (Adalat CC) – Calcium channel blocker. Give Aspirin 30 min 30 min before. AE: Headache, dizzy, peripheral edema, flushing, rebound hypotension. TAPPER OFF. Doxazosin (Cardura) – Alpha1 blocker, dilates arteries and veins. RAPID profound fall in BP. AE: Dizzy, dyspnea, asthenia, headache, hypotension, postural hypotension, serious orthostatic hypotension. Hydralazine (Apresoline) – Direct acting vasodilator, no effect on veins. Tx: Hypertensive emergency AE: Headache, reflex tachycardia, palpitations, flushing, N/D. Sodium & fluid retention. **NO Hawthorn** (CH-25)

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