Chapter 10 Test Bank - Static
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1. Discounted cash-flow (DCF) analysis generally
A.
assumes that firms hold assets passively when they invest in a project.
B. considers opportunities to expand a project if the project is successful.
C. considers opportunities to expand a project if the project is successful and considers opportunities to abandon a
project if the project is a failure.
D. assumes that firms hold assets passively when they invest in a project, considers opportunities to expand a
project if the project is successful, and considers opportunities to abandon a project if the project is a failure.
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Difficulty: Intermediate
2. Most firms' capital investment proposals originate from
A. senior management.
B. planning staff in the corporate finance department.
C. the board of directors.
D.
divisional management.
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Difficulty: Basic
3. Generally, postaudits are conducted for large projects
A. shortly after the completion of the project.
B. several years after the completion of the project.
C.
shortly after the project has begun to operate.
D. well before the start of the project.
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Difficulty: Intermediate
4. Generally, postaudits for projects are conducted to
A. identify problems that need fixing only.
B. check the accuracy of forecasts only.
C. identify problems that need fixing and check the accuracy of forecasts only.
D.
identify problems that need fixing, check the accuracy of forecasts, and generate questions that should
have been asked before project commencement.
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Difficulty: Challenge
5. You obtain the following data for year 1: Revenue = $43; variable costs = $30; depreciation = $3; tax rate = 30
percent. Calculate the operating cash flow for the project for year 1.
A. $7
B.
$10
C. $13
D. $16
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Difficulty: Challenge
6. A project has an initial investment of 100. You have come up with the following estimates of the project's cash
flows (there are no taxes):
Pessimistic
Most Likely
Optimistic
Revenues
15
20
25
Costs
10
8
5
Suppose the cash flows are perpetuities and the cost of capital is 10 percent. Conduct a sensitivity analysis of
the project’s NPV to variations in revenues. (Answers appear in order: [Pessimistic, Most Likely, Optimistic].)
A.
-30, +20, +70.
B. -100, -50, +80.
C. -50, +50, +70.
D. +5, +11, +18.
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Difficulty: Intermediate
7. You are given the following data for year 1: Revenues = 100; fixed costs = 30; total variable costs = 50;
depreciation = $10; tax rate = 30 percent. Calculate the after-tax cash flow for the project for year 1.
A.
$17
B. $13
C. $10
D. $7
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Difficulty: Challenge
8. A project has the following cash flows:
C
0
= -100,000;
C
1
= 50,000;
C
2
= 150,000;
C
3
= 100,000. If the discount
rate changes from 12 percent to 15 percent, what is the
change
in the NPV of the project (approximately)?
A. 12,750 increase
B.
12,750 decrease
C. 14,240 increase
D. 14,240 decrease
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Difficulty: Challenge
9. You calculate the following estimates of project cash flows (there are no taxes):
Pessimistic
Most Likely
Optimistic
Investment
100
80
60
Revenues
30
40
50
Costs
20
15
10
The revenues and costs occur in perpetuity. The cost of capital is 8 percent. Conduct a sensitivity analysis of the
project’s NPV to variations in costs. (Answers appear in order: [Pessimistic, Most Likely, Optimistic].)
A.
+170.00, +232.50, +295.00
B. -100.00, +500.00, +800.00
C. -90.00, -55.00, -20.00
D. -88.33, -50.00, -18.50
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Difficulty: Intermediate
10. A project requires an initial investment of $150. Your research generates the following estimates of
revenues and costs (there are no taxes):
Pessimistic
Most Likely
Optimistic
Revenues
30
50
65
Costs
20
20
15
The cost of capital equals 10 percent. Assume that the cash flows occur in perpetuity. Conduct a sensitivity
analysis of the project’s NPV to variations in costs. (Answers appear in order: [Pessimistic, Most Likely,
Optimistic].)
A. +50, -100, +400
B. -50, +300, +500
C. -100, +150, +350
D.
+100, +150, +200
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Difficulty: Challenge
11. A project requires an initial investment in equipment of $90,000 and then requires an initial investment in
working capital of $10,000 (at
t
= 0). You expect the project to produce sales revenue of $120,000 per year for
three years. You estimate manufacturing costs at 60 percent of revenues. (Assume all revenues and costs occur
at year-end [i.e.,
t
= 1,
t
= 2, and
t
= 3]). The equipment depreciates using straight-line depreciation over three
years. At the end of the project, the firm can sell the equipment for $10,000 and also recover the investment in net
working capital. The corporate tax rate is 30 percent and the cost of capital is 15 percent. Cash flows from the
project are
A. CF
0
: -90,000; CF
1
: 12,600; CF
2
: 12,600; CF
3
: 29,600.
B.
CF
0
: -100,000; CF
1
: 42,600; CF
2
: 42,600; CF
3
: 59,600.
C. CF
0
: -100,000; CF
1
: 42,600; CF
2
: 42,600; CF
3
: 42,600.
D. CF
0
: -100,000; CF
1
: 42,600; CF
2
: 42,600; CF
3
: 49,600.
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Difficulty: Challenge
12. A project requires an initial investment in equipment of $90,000 and then requires an initial investment in
working capital of $10,000 (at
t
= 0). You expect the project to produce sales revenue of $120,000 per year for three
years. You estimate manufacturing costs at 60 percent of revenues. (Assume all revenues and costs occur at
year-end [i.e.,
t
= 1,
t
= 2, and
t
= 3]). The equipment depreciates using straight-line depreciation over three years.
At the end of the project, the firm can sell the equipment for $10,000 and also recover the investment in net working
capital. The corporate tax rate is 30 percent and the cost of capital is 15 percent. Calculate the NPV of the project.
A. $3,840
B.
$8,443
C. $-2,735
D. $7,342
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Difficulty: Challenge
13. A project requires an initial investment in equipment of $90,000 and then requires an initial investment in
working capital of $10,000 (at
t
= 0). You expect the project to produce sales revenue of $120,000 per year for
three years. You estimate manufacturing costs at 60 percent of revenues. (Assume all revenues and costs occur
at year-end [i.e.,
t
= 1,
t
= 2, and
t
= 3]). The equipment depreciates using straight-line depreciation over three
years. At the end of the project, the firm can sell the equipment for $10,000 and also recover the investment in net
working capital. The corporate tax rate is 30 percent and the cost of capital is 12 percent.
Calculate the NPV of the project.
A.
$14,418
B. $8,443
C. $-2,735
D. $12,873
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Difficulty: Challenge
14. A project requires an initial investment in equipment of $90,000 and then requires an initial investment in
working capital of $10,000 (at
t
= 0). You expect the project to produce sales revenue of $120,000 per year for
three years. You estimate manufacturing costs at 60 percent of revenues. (Assume all revenues and costs occur
at year-end [i.e.,
t
= 1,
t
= 2, and
t
= 3]). The equipment depreciates using straight-line depreciation over three
years. At the end of the project, the firm can sell the equipment for $10,000 and also recover the investment in net
working capital. The corporate tax rate is 30 percent and the cost of capital is 15 percent. What is the NPV of the
project if the revenues were higher by 10 percent and the costs were 65 percent of the revenues?
A. $8,443
B. $964
C.
$5,566
D. $4,840
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Difficulty: Challenge
15. A project requires an initial investment in equipment of $90,000 and then requires an initial investment in
working capital of $10,000 (at
t
= 0). You expect the project to produce sales revenue of $120,000 per year for
three years. You estimate manufacturing costs at 60 percent of revenues. (Assume all revenues and costs occur
at year-end [i.e.,
t
= 1,
t
= 2, and
t
= 3]). The equipment depreciates using straight-line depreciation over three
years. At the end of the project, the firm can sell the equipment for $10,000. The corporate tax rate is 30 percent
and the cost of capital is 16.5 percent. Calculate the NPV of the project.
A.
$5,648
B. $3,840
C. -$2,735
D. $4,848
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Difficulty: Challenge
16. The following are drawbacks of sensitivity analysis
except
A. it can provide ambiguous results.
B. the underlying variables are likely interrelated.
C.
it can help identify the project's most important variables.
D. All of these statements are drawbacks of sensitivity analysis.
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Difficulty: Intermediate
17. Which of the following statements most appropriately describes scenario analysis?
A. It looks at the project by changing one variable at a time.
B. It provides the break-even level of sales for the project.
C.
It looks at different but consistent combinations of variables.
D. Each of these statements describes scenario analysis correctly.
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Difficulty: Basic
18. The Financial Calculator Company proposes to invest $12 million in a new calculator-making plant. Fixed
costs are $3 million per year. A financial calculator costs $10 per unit to manufacture and sells for $30 per unit. If
the plant lasts for four years and the cost of capital is 20 percent, what is the break-even level (i.e., NPV = 0) of
annual sales? (Assume that revenues and costs occur at the end of each year. Assume no taxes.) Round to the
nearest 1,000 units.
A. 150,000 units
B. 342,000 units
C.
382,000 units
D. 300,000 units
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Difficulty: Challenge
19. The Solar Calculator Company proposes to invest $5 million in a new calculator-making plant. Fixed costs are
$2 million per year. A solar calculator costs $5 per unit to manufacture and sells for $20 per unit. If the plant lasts
for three years and the cost of capital is 12 percent, what is the break-even level (i.e., NPV = 0) of annual sales?
(Assume that revenues and costs occur at the end of each year. Assume no taxes.) Round to the nearest 1,000
units.
A. 133,000 units
B.
272,000 units
C. 228,000 units
D. 244,000 units
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Difficulty: Challenge
20. Firms often calculate a project's break-even sales using accounting profit. However, break-even sales based
on NPV is generally
A.
higher than the one calculated using accounting profit.
B. lower than the one calculated using accounting profit.
C. equal to the one calculated using accounting profit.
D. not related to the one calculated using accounting profit.
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Difficulty: Challenge
21. The accounting break-even point occurs when
A. the total revenue line cuts the fixed cost line.
B. the present value of inflows line cuts the present value of outflows line.
C.
the total revenue line cuts the total cost line.
D. total revenue is large enough to recapture depreciation expense.
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Difficulty: Intermediate
22. The NPV break-even point occurs when
A.
the present value of inflows line cuts the present value of outflows line.
B. the total revenue line cuts the fixed cost line.
C. the total revenue line cuts the total cost line.
D. the present value of inflows cuts the total cost line.
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Difficulty: Intermediate
23. The Financial Calculator Company proposes to invest $12 million in a new calculator-making plant that will
depreciate on a straight-line basis. Fixed costs are $3 million per year. A financial calculator costs $10 per unit to
manufacture and sells for $30 per unit. If the plant lasts for four years and the cost of capital is 20 percent, what
is the accounting break-even level of annual sales? (Assume no taxes.)
A.
300,000 units
B. 150,000 units
C. 381,777 units
D. 750,000 units
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Difficulty: Challenge
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Related Questions
A disadvantage of using the payback period to compare investment alternatives is that it a. Ignores cash flows beyond the payback period. b. Cannot be used to compare alternatives with different initial investments. c. Cannot be used when cash flows are not uniform. d. Involves the time value of money. e. Cannot be used if a company records depreciation.
arrow_forward
The cash payback technique:
a. considers cash flows over the life of a project.
b. may be useful as an initial screening device.
c. is superior to the net present value method.
d. cannot be used with uneven cash flows.
arrow_forward
Which one of the following could be considered as an advantage of using the payback method of investment appraisal?
Select one:
O A. Cash flows rising after the payback period is reached are ignored
O B. It is easy to understand and simple to calculate
O C. Does not take risk fully into account
O D. Not related to wealth maximisation objective
arrow_forward
If an investment project will positively affect the cash flows of other products the firm currently sells (increasing the flows), this is cannibalization and therefore should be counted in the investment project’s expected cash flows. tRUE OR FALSE
arrow_forward
Mastery Problem: Cash Payback and Average Rate of Return (Basic)
Companies use capital investment analysis to evaluate long-term investments. Capital investment evaluation methods that do not use present values are (1) Average rate of return method and (2) Cash payback method.
Methods That Do Not Use Present Value
One category of capital investment evaluation methods does not use present value. The primary difference between the category of methods that do use present value and this category is that this category _________ (does/does not) take the time value of money into account. The basic premise of the time value of money is that a dollar today is worth __________ (less than, more than, the same as) a dollar tomorrow.
True or False: Considering the fact that most firms use methods from each category, it can be concluded that both categories have value. ________
Cash Payback Method
This method identifies how long it will take (in years) to recover the __________ (initial…
arrow_forward
If a firm must forgo a cash flow, not leasing an owned building for example, in order to accept some investment project, are the lost cash flows included in the analysis?
arrow_forward
Explain how the NPV investment appraisal method can be applied in situations where capital is rationed.
Discuss the reasons why capital rationing may arise
Discuss the meaning of the term “relevant cash flow” in the context of investment appraisal, giving examples to illustrate your discussion.
arrow_forward
Why the payback method is often considered inferior to discounted cash flow in capital investment appraisal?
Select one:
a. It is more difficult to calculate
b. It does not calculate how long it will take to recoup the money invested
c. It only takes into account the future income of a project
d. None of the option
e. It does not take account of the time value of money
arrow_forward
Which of the following statements is most CORRECT?
A. Some projects with normal cash flows have multiple IRRs.
B. The IRR method is flawed because it assumes reinvestment of the cash
flows at the cost of capital.
C. If two,mutually exclusive normal projects have the same size and life, MIRR
and NPV may not agree as to which project will add the most value to the
firm.
D. The MIRR assumes that cash flows are reinvested at the project's k
E Projects with nonnormal cash flows can have multiple MIRRs.
arrow_forward
A. it is very
A disadvantage of the average rate of return method of capital investment analysis is that
complex to compute B. it does not include the entire amount of income earned over the life of a project C.
it does not emphasize accounting income, which is often used by investors and creditors in evaluating
management performance D. it does not directly consider the timing of the expected cash flows
arrow_forward
The financial market offers the investors a means to sell their financial asset thereby
a.
Increasing the wealth of investor
b.
Offering liquidity to such assets
c.
Decreasing the wealth of investor
d.
Diluting the liquidity of such assets
arrow_forward
Relevant cash inflows and outflows in a discounted cash flow analysis are the differences in expected future cash flows as a result of making the investment. The income taxes saved as a result of depreciation deductions are relevant because they decrease cash outflows, but the depreciation itself is a noncash item.
True
False: Relevant cash inflows and outflows in a discounted cash flow analysis are the differences in past cash flows that resulted from making previous investments.
False: neither the income taxes saved as a result of depreciation deductions nor the depreciation itself is considered relevant
both B and C
none of the above
arrow_forward
he difference between a firm’s future cash flows with a project and without the project is called Blank______ cash flows.
Multiple choice question.
investing
discounted
incremental
operating
arrow_forward
Adjusted present value technique is a technique that
A) adjusts conventional present value for nonconstant cash inflows
B) suggests separating tax savings from interest in the cash flows within the valuation process
C) is used to value a project for a multinational corporation
D) simply adjusts the conventional present value for nominal interest
arrow_forward
Which of the following statements concerning the payback period, is not true?
a.
The payback period measures the time that a project will take to generate enough cash flows to cover the initial investment.incorrect
b.
the payback period involves a simple method
c.
the payback period takes into account the time value of money
d.
the payback period ignores cash flows
arrow_forward
Under-capitalization of a business entity causes:
Select one from the following options.
a situation when long-term assets are financed from short term financial resources.
a situation when the respective business entity is spending more capital than it is able to gain.
a situation when current assets are financed from long-term capital.
a situation when long-term assets are financed from short term receivables.
The minimum selling price in the short run can be set at the level of:
Select one from the following options.
variable cost
total cost
fixed cost
O total cost and profit
arrow_forward
Identify the incorrect statement in connection to working capital management:
A.
Conservative financing policies use short-term funds to finance only part of fluctuating
current assets.
B.
Long-term funds are more expensive and more risky than short-term funds .
C.
The objectives of working capital management are profitability and liquidity.
D.
Permanent current assets should be financed from long-term sources if a moderate policy is adopted.
arrow_forward
Which of the following statements is true?
O The salvage value of new equipment should not be considered when using the internal rate of return method
to evaluate a project.
O The internal rate of return method assumes that the cash flows generated by a project are reinvested at a rate
of return that equals the company's cost of capital.
O The profitability index and the internal rate of return will always result in the same preference ranking for
investment projects.
O In calculating the profitability index, the initial investment in the project should be reduced by any proceeds
from the sale of old equipment.
O None of the above statements is true.
arrow_forward
Assume a project has normal cash flows. All else equal, which of the following statements is CORRECT?
a. A project's NPV increases as the cost of capital declines.
b. A project's MIRR is unaffected by changes in the cost of capital.
c. A project's regular payback increases as the cost of capital declines.
d. A project's discounted payback increases as the cost of capital declines.
e. A project's IRR increases as the cost of capital declines.
arrow_forward
Which of the following statements are true regarding the payback period of an investment?
It does not account for the time value of money
No objective criteria exists for what is an acceptable payback period
Cash flows occurring after the payback period have no impact on the payback computation
All of the above
arrow_forward
A project is rejected under the net present value method when:
a. The percentage return is greater than a predetermined minimum percentage
b. Total net cash inflows exceed the purchase price of the asset
c. The acquisition cost the asset is greater than than the present value of net cash inflows
d. The present value of net cash inflows exceeds a predetermined minimum amount
arrow_forward
A disadvantage of using the payback period to compare investmentalternatives is that it;
arrow_forward
The capital investment is one that
Select one:
a.
applies only to investment in fixed assets
b.
is only undertaken by large corporations
c.
has the prospect of long-term benefits
d.
None of the option
e.
has the prospect of short-term benefits
arrow_forward
Which of the following statements is true about the internal rate of return?
a.
It is the interest rate that sets a project's net present value at zero.
b.
It is the minimal acceptable interest rate on an investment.
c.
It is the difference between the present value of the cash inflows and outflows associated with a project.
d.
It is the difference between the present value of a cash outflow and the depreciation associated with an asset.
arrow_forward
Which of the following statements is true?
I. In the payback method, depreciation is added back to net operating income when computing the annual net cash flow.
II. When a company is cash poor, a project with a short payback period but a low rate of return may be preferred to a project with a long payback period and a high rate of return.
III. A shorter payback period does not necessarily mean that one investment is more desirable than another.
Only statement III is true.
O All of the statements are true.
None of the statements are true.
Only statement I is true.
arrow_forward
In the aggressive approach to current asset financing,
a. fixed assets and permanent current assets of a firm are financed with short-term nonspontaneous sources of funds
b.all of the fixed assets and permanent current assets are financed with long-term sources of funds
c.fixed assets of a firm are financed with long-term capital, but some of the firm's permanent current assets are financed with short-term sources of funds.
d.fixed assets of a firm are financed with short-term nonspontaneous sources of funds, but some of the firm's permanent current assets are financed with long-term capital
arrow_forward
What are the reinvestment rate assumptions for the NPV and the IRR?
A.IRR: Risk Free Rate NPV: WACC
B.IRR: The IRR itself NPV: WACC
C.The cash flows generated by the project are not assumed to be reinvested. So they will not earn a rate of return.
D.IRR: Risk free rate NPV: Risk free Rate
E. IRR:WACC NPV: WACC
arrow_forward
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- If an investment project will positively affect the cash flows of other products the firm currently sells (increasing the flows), this is cannibalization and therefore should be counted in the investment project’s expected cash flows. tRUE OR FALSEarrow_forwardMastery Problem: Cash Payback and Average Rate of Return (Basic) Companies use capital investment analysis to evaluate long-term investments. Capital investment evaluation methods that do not use present values are (1) Average rate of return method and (2) Cash payback method. Methods That Do Not Use Present Value One category of capital investment evaluation methods does not use present value. The primary difference between the category of methods that do use present value and this category is that this category _________ (does/does not) take the time value of money into account. The basic premise of the time value of money is that a dollar today is worth __________ (less than, more than, the same as) a dollar tomorrow. True or False: Considering the fact that most firms use methods from each category, it can be concluded that both categories have value. ________ Cash Payback Method This method identifies how long it will take (in years) to recover the __________ (initial…arrow_forwardIf a firm must forgo a cash flow, not leasing an owned building for example, in order to accept some investment project, are the lost cash flows included in the analysis?arrow_forward
- Explain how the NPV investment appraisal method can be applied in situations where capital is rationed. Discuss the reasons why capital rationing may arise Discuss the meaning of the term “relevant cash flow” in the context of investment appraisal, giving examples to illustrate your discussion.arrow_forwardWhy the payback method is often considered inferior to discounted cash flow in capital investment appraisal? Select one: a. It is more difficult to calculate b. It does not calculate how long it will take to recoup the money invested c. It only takes into account the future income of a project d. None of the option e. It does not take account of the time value of moneyarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is most CORRECT? A. Some projects with normal cash flows have multiple IRRs. B. The IRR method is flawed because it assumes reinvestment of the cash flows at the cost of capital. C. If two,mutually exclusive normal projects have the same size and life, MIRR and NPV may not agree as to which project will add the most value to the firm. D. The MIRR assumes that cash flows are reinvested at the project's k E Projects with nonnormal cash flows can have multiple MIRRs.arrow_forward
- A. it is very A disadvantage of the average rate of return method of capital investment analysis is that complex to compute B. it does not include the entire amount of income earned over the life of a project C. it does not emphasize accounting income, which is often used by investors and creditors in evaluating management performance D. it does not directly consider the timing of the expected cash flowsarrow_forwardThe financial market offers the investors a means to sell their financial asset thereby a. Increasing the wealth of investor b. Offering liquidity to such assets c. Decreasing the wealth of investor d. Diluting the liquidity of such assetsarrow_forwardRelevant cash inflows and outflows in a discounted cash flow analysis are the differences in expected future cash flows as a result of making the investment. The income taxes saved as a result of depreciation deductions are relevant because they decrease cash outflows, but the depreciation itself is a noncash item. True False: Relevant cash inflows and outflows in a discounted cash flow analysis are the differences in past cash flows that resulted from making previous investments. False: neither the income taxes saved as a result of depreciation deductions nor the depreciation itself is considered relevant both B and C none of the abovearrow_forward
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Author:Jay Rich, Jeff Jones
Publisher:Cengage Learning
EBK CONTEMPORARY FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
Finance
ISBN:9781337514835
Author:MOYER
Publisher:CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT