Copy of 5BL Lab 2 Assignment Submission Template - F23v2.pdf

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# 1. a) ±esTcriSbe your experimental setup that will let you test the ideal gas relationship. We are going to start with cold water. ² gas canister will be placed in water in a kettle and should touch the kettle as little as possible. We will take the pressure and temperature data over time, starting at a control measurement of 20 degrees ´elsius. These data points will be taken with sensors that are placed in the container with the gas canister. We will take data points from 20 degrees ´elsius to 50 degrees ´elsius to obtain the Pressure vs Temperature relationship. b) >tKte your prediction about how temperature and pressure are related. Temperature and pressure will be directly proportional and produce a linear relationship. c) ²xplKin how to find the ´elsius temperature that corresponds to absolute zero from the portion of your pressure and temperature results that support the ideal gas relationship. Using our linear line of best fit through the data points plotting Temp (celcius) vs. Pressure (kPa), we will get a linear equation in the form T=mP + ±. µf we plug in 0 for P, we can extrapolate the theoretical ´elsius temperature that corresponds to absolute zero, aka when the particles are completely still. This value will be at the y-intercept of the line of best fit.

$ 2. >how plots of P(t) and T(t) made in ´apstone, ³xcel, or other software from the raw data. ,/KSbel the initial temperature and pressure at the start of the trial and final temperature and pressure at end of the trial, using quantitative units and values. ]n]t]U`l tYampYrUturY+ ## XY[rYYs &Y`ls]us Z]nU`l tYampYrUturY+ %*±( XY[rYYs &Y`ls]us ]n]t]U`l prYssurY+ *(±' _kDU Z]nU`l prYssurY+ "!(±! _kDU

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% 3. a) >how a plot of P(T) or T(P) with quantitative units and with a best fit line suggested by the ideal gas law. b) >tKte your final result of ²bsolute Zero (0 Kelvin) in units of ´elsius, and TcompKre it to the actual value (from your class, textbook, or °oogle). The actual value of ²bsolute Zero is -273 degrees ´elsius. Our value of ²bsolute Zero that we found is -267 degrees ´elsius, which is relatively accurate. This is a difference of about 6 degrees ´elsius, which could be due to experimental error in the temperature and pressure gauges. The kettle could also have had an effect.

& 4. a) >tKte the blood pressure values (max/min) and heart rates for each member of your lab. ²re these absolute or gauge pressures? ³mma: ±lood pressure Max is 102 mm¶° and Min is 76 mm¶g. ¶eart rate is 100 beats per minute. Sophia: ±lood pressure Max is 123 mm¶° and Min is 81 mm¶g. ¶eart rate is 89 beats per minute. Remy: ±lood pressure Max is 115 mm¶° and Min is 68 mm¶g. ¶eart rate is 76 beats per minute. The blood pressure values are all gauge pressures. b) ±lood pressure changes in the body can be modeled by a gas canister with a plunger to change its volume and pressure. µf this canister starts with the same volume as the vascular system, will it have a higher or lower pressure difference than the difference between the maximum and minimum values of your blood pressure when compressed by the same volume that your heart compresses? ³xplain your reasoning. The canister will have a lower pressure difference because the gas molecules have more room to move around and prevent collisions which reduces the change in pressure. Within the blood, the liquid is forced into closer proximity, which forces collisions and raises the pressure. Therefore, the pressure will have a larger increase in pressure than the gas canister.

' 5. ²xplKin how the plunger model from question 4b emulates aspects of blood pressure in the human body. ±isTcuss one way that real world human vasculature and blood pressure is more complicated than a simple ideal gas relationship between pressure and volume. The plunger model emulates aspects of blood pressure in the human body because as volume decreases, pressure will also increase in an inverse proportional relationship. This is due to the fact that as volume decreases, molecules are forced closer together, resulting in more collisions. More collisions results in a higher pressure. ¶owever, blood pressure is different than the plunger because the blood is a liquid, while the plunger is measuring the pressure of a gas. °as molecules have more room to move around and prevent collisions which reduces the change in pressure. Within the blood, the liquid is forced into closer proximity, which forces collisions and raises the pressure. µn addition, in human vasculature, the other values of the ideal gas equation are not necessarily fixed or constant, unlike in the plunger model, making it more complicated.

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