Second law of thermodynamics

and second laws of thermodynamics for living systems. The first law of thermodynamics states that all energy is constant, which as a consequence, or result, means that energy can never be produced or destroyed but rather it is transformed. During the process of energy being transformed some energy is typically lost as heat. Another result of energy being transformed is the increase of entropy, or disorder. The increase of entropy and loss of energy is referred to as the second law of

Maxwell’s Demon is a thought experiment created by a mathematician James Clerk Maxwell to contradict the second law of thermodynamics. For example, you have a box filled with a gas (a mixture of hot and cold molecules) at the same temperature. This means that the temperature can have an affect on an average speed of the molecules. Some of the molecules will move slower than average, and some will move faster than the average. Suppose that a divider is placed in the middle of the box separating the

talked about the concept of entropy from the viewpoint of “information theory.” In the thermodynamic viewpoint, the concept of entropy is the “transformation of heat to work.” However, in general chemistry the viewpoint of entropy is the “measure of disorder.” There are some different and similar between 3 viewpoints. The common in 3 viewpoints are that they were trying to explain the second the law of thermodynamics. Also, Boltzaman stated that entropy is the measure of the disordered; it is just like

in teaching thermodynamics for biotechnology engineering students Praphulla Rao1,*, Prathibha N2 1,2 B M S College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka * Corresponding author. Tel: +91 9036471963, E-mail: praphulla.rao@gmail.com Abstract—The disciplines of physics, biology, and chemistry have adopted highly diverse approaches and strategies on thermodynamics education. Many studies have addressed the problems in making the students understand the fundamentals in thermodynamics. Students tend

toy is known by all ages. The simplicity of the toy is what has intrigued people and lured people into buying this seeming simple toy. Though how simple is it really? The dippy duck is anything, but child 's play as it uses the four basic laws of Thermodynamics. To the naked eye the toy may seem simple but as we delve into the matter things became a lot less simple. When I first saw the bird I assumed it was an extremely simple machine with not much to it. The duck dips its head into the water

system.” In his novel, The Crying of Lot 49, Thomas Pynchon manipulates the definition of the scientific term “entropy” to manifest the innate chaos and disorder in both a closed thermodynamic system and in the life of the protagonist: Oedipa Maas. In the novel, Oedipa Maas explores entropy with respect to the thermodynamic sorting of molecules in Maxwell’s Demon, and the communication information regarding the “Tristero”. According to Warren Weaver’s, Recent Contributions to The Mathematical Theory

Plank’s and we can say, the two statements are equivalent. Equivalence of the Two Statements The Kelvin-Planck and the Clausius statements are equivalent in their consequences, and either statement can be used as the expression of the second law of thermodynamics. Any device that violates the Kelvin-Planck statement also violates the Clausius statement, and vice versa. This can be demonstrated as follows: • Kelvin-Planck statement: No heat engine can have a thermal efficiency of 100 percent, or

according to the first law of thermodynamics, it is impossible to manufacture the circulatory heat engine which has 100% efficiency. Thus, it is envisaged that the manufacture of the second type of perpetual motion machine, from a heat source heat and heat all into work. However, numerous attempts to prove that the second type of perpetual motion machine is not achieved. As a future engineer, we need to understand the order and disorder, the entropy and the thermodynamics.

base in fundamental physical science one would encounter a perceived barrier viz., the fact that the underlying dynamical laws of fundamental physical theory do not privilege the past or the future. If those laws permit certain physical processes to be future directed or oriented, then they also allow for those self-same processes to be past directed or oriented. The dynamical laws are time-reversal invariant. As Roger Penrose stated, …the dynamical equations of classical and quantum mechanics are symmetrical

Introduction Thermodynamics is “the study of the effects of work, heat, and energy on a system”. In Thermodynamics to find the temperature change I will use the formula: Q=MCT. In this formula Q represents the heat added, M is the mass, C is the specific heat, and Tis the change in temperature. From using this equation