Introduction The post-Second World War period was a tumultuous time for Germany, as it entailed the division of the nation into two distinct governmental entities – West Germany and East Germany. As West Germany emerged as a bulwark against the Communist-led East Germany – backed by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), it effectively allowed itself to be modeled by the United States (US) as the promoter of democracy in Western Europe. The Marshall Plan, which enabled West Germany to
Terror in 1977, concrete events lead the country down a path where a necessary political student movement transpired and very quickly turned the student group into a terrorist organization. Specifically, the attacks in May of 1972 launched the Red Army Factions crusade against the government and the public. Just like the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austrian throne, by Bosnian Serb nationalists sparked World War I, the killing of a teenager, Benno Ohnesorg, by German police
The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum Knowing about the writer of a literary text can shape significantly the way that it is read. Consider the effect of the writer’s context on your understanding of The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum. “As a writer of fiction Böll was interpreting history, creating patterns of meaning, ordering his material to enable his reader to make sense of it.” The experiences of Böll and his values that arose from these events have been influential on the content and themes of
In November 1981, I began the new position as Director of Industrial Operations (DIO). There was much work to do.: The bus availability was u, unacceptable, the Commissary had a terrible reputation, and there was no security plan; important as the DIO was also the Security, Plans, and Operations (SPO). I charged the Motor Pool Lieutenant for two plans; improve bus availability and establish a Community Shuttle Bus route that would take people from the housing areas to the Commissary. We implemented
Blood. War. Protest. The human nature of corruption has struck again. A small country located just off the southern coast of Asia has been hit drastically by corruption. Through riot or protest, the people have begun to stand up for themselves, congregating into huge groups within the streets of the capital, or leaking information to the public press and onto social media. “Malaysia is truly going downward. Najib [the Prime Minister of Malaysia] will either step down peacefully or there will be rivers
government was led by Lenin. It made peace with the Germans and took part in a bloody, three-year civil war, in which Stalin commanded on several fronts. The real hero of the conflict, however, was Leon Trotsky, a former Menshevik who organized the Red Army and guided the Bolsheviks to
Reputations The reputations as described by William Shakespeare are the immortal part of one’s self. It is also almost all the time based on the person’s actions and doings. Take this quote for an example: “It takes twenty years to build a reputation and five minutes to ruin it. If you think about that, you will do things differently” – Warren Buffett. I think now we can all easily agree on what this quote says. Thus, it is believed that people with good reputations have it better
In order to conclude the extent to which the Great Terror strengthened or weakened the USSR the question is essentially whether totalitarianism strengthened or weakened the Soviet Union? Perhaps under the circumstances of the 1930s in the approach to war a dictatorship may have benefited the country in some way through strong leadership, the unifying effect of reintroducing Russian nationalism and increased party obedience. The effects of the purges on the political structure and community of
Causes such as poverty, Soviet power, and change of Hungarian life ultimately led to the primary uprising known as the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. This event not only portrayed the initial precursor of instability, but also rebellion inside the Soviet Iron Curtain. The Hungarian Revolution of 1956 included effects such as a massive decrease in the global Communist party, an increase of the policy Containment in the Western Hemisphere, and polarization of the Cold War. In the Hungarian Revolution
In February 1986, Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev announced that Soviet Forces would conduct a phased withdrawal from Afghanistan. The fallout of this order would precipitate down to lower echelons of Soviet armed forces in the form of Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (DRA) forces taking the leading in combat operations against the Mujahideen (Grau p.110, 1998). With this in mind, the Soviets pushed the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan Command to relieve the siege of Khost by again attacking