Mid-ocean ridge

Hydrothermal vents are cracks in the ocean floor that emit hot water with minerals and bacteria. The first hydrothermal vent was discovered on February 17th, 1977 by geologists on a research expedition in the Galapagos Rift off the coast of South America. The Galapagos is part of the mid- ocean ridge. (1999-2015) The discovery of the hydrothermal vents along the Galapagos Riff led to the identification of chemoautotrophic symbiosis. These vents are widespread along the sea floor. They release sulfide

world the mysteries of the ocean. Ballard’s exploration of the deep sea provided encounters that led to a better understanding of plate tectonics and the environment, the use of technology to find historical treasures, and the preservation of history left behind in the deep sea. Robert Ballard was born in Kansas, but grew up in San Diego, California, and his fascination with the Ocean started with the tide pools. Once Ballard was 19 he got a job at the aerospace company’s Ocean Systems Group with the

the many of the coastlines on opposite sides of the ocean fit together. This observation and the idea that continents had once been joined, had been made previously. Abraham Ortelius a Flemish mapmaker from and geographer in the 1500s Pointed out that the coasts of the Americas and Europe and Africa matched and this suggested they had been torn apart from each other. Alfred also noticed that fossils similar to each other were being found oceans apart. He tried to explain this by hypothesizing that

spot for other ocean organisms. Although they are the fastest growing marine invertebrates known, they still have times where they struggle to survive.

that all of nature is gone in the future and only domesticated animals remain. "Nothing left like this. The beauty. The diversity. All gone. Nothing wild. Nothing free. Everything farmed."(116) in this quote Eko is telling Jack that animals in the ocean are gone only jellyfish and sea lice remain with toxic waters. Eko also describes all the things humans did to destroy the world permanently to be irreparably. "Sure. Pollution. The destruction of the ozone layer. And a hundred other big and small

to the Earth shrinking. Scientists later found out that plates move about 5 to 10 cm. per year. During the late 20th and early 21st centuries, researchers found out that plate-tectonics had influenced the composition of Earth’s atmosphere and the oceans. After Wegner died, his ‘Theory of Pangea’ was proven correct due to further research on plate tectonics (Kratochvil). Plate tectonics is also a prime cause of long-term climate change (Andel). Plate tectonics also give the rock cycle the ability

Plate Tectonics  Ever since the beginning on time, Humans believed the ground is solid and immobile. But this is not true whatsoever. The Earth is every-changing and continually in motion. The stability of the Earth is not at all what we think it is. Thinking about the rotational axis of the Earth, and possibly of what the Earth may become at a certain point in time, has a great influence on understanding all aspects of living things, either in the past, present, or future. The study of Plate

Pangaea was broken in to several pieces, and each piece was a part of the lithosphere. They believed that the pieces of Pangaea formed the continents that we know of in present day geology. When Pangaea existed, the rest of the Earth was covered by an ocean called Panthalassa. Eventually, Pangaea split into two land masses, Laurasia to the north and Gondwanaland to the south. The theory of plate tectonics does in fact have an explanation for the movement of

major ocean basins: the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean, and Arctic Ocean. 1. The Pacific Ocean is the largest geographic feature as it covers more than 64 million square miles which is equivalent to one-third of the earth’s surface. In fact the Pacific is larger than all of the continents combined. The first European recorded sighting of the Pacific Ocean was by Vasco Nunez a Spanish explorer. 2. The Atlantic Ocean is heavily centered along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge which

Plate tectonics is a major subject, and it can be broken down into multiple smaller subjects. One of these subjects would be plate boundaries. There are three different types of boundaries. What are these boundaries? How do the boundaries move? What are the results of these boundaries? These are some commonly asked questions. Here are the different boundaries, how they move, and the results they have on Earth. The first boundary is the divergent boundary. Divergent boundaries occur when two tectonic