Introduction A magnetic bearing is a type of bearing that holds up a load using magnetic levitation. Scientists first discovered the magnetic effects in magnetic minerals in 500B.C. In the late 20th century, scientists began developing ways where this magnetic effect could be implemented into a bearing, creating magnetic bearings. Today, magnetic bearings can be found in many applications where no physical contact is required or extreme environmental conditions exists, including very high and low
Christian Ramirez Bionanotechnology 12/18/14 Review of Magnetotactic Bacteria and Magnetosomes Magnetotactic bacteria are a group of prokaryotes of varying morphologies. The morphologies include coccoid, helical, multicellular, rod-shaped, and vibriod1. Magnetotactic bacteria were first discovered by Salvatore Bellini in 1963 2. The commonality of all members of magnetotactic bacteria is that they passively orient and swim along the geomagnetic field by means of a method called magnetotaxis. The
Figure 2.6 SEM images of Co–Ni–N electrodeposition (a) without magnetic field and (b) with the effect of parallel magnetic fled (Tanase et al., 2012). Y. D. Yu et al. applied a magnetic field with a magnetic force of 1 T parallel to electrode surface in the cobalt electrodeposition Due to Lorentz forces and the interaction between the magnetic field and the electric current which cause MHD phenomenon, electrolyte agitated causing a decreasing in the thickness of the diffusion layer which causes
The M-type hard ferrites with hexagonal crystal structure can be generally represented as (MO.6Fe2O3), where M is divalent metal including Sr, Ba, and Pb or a mixture of these [1]. The direction of magnetization in these materials cannot be changed easily to another axis so that they are referred to as hard [2]. Barium hexaferrite (BaFe12O19) as a famous M-type hard ferrite with a magnetoplumbite structure has relatively high Curie temperature, coercive force and magnetic anisotropy field, along
With advent of scientific research and technological interest, multiferroic materials have drawn much attention for foundational physics, technological application in possible miniaturization and integration for multifunctional devices (e.g. magnetic field sensors, multiple state memory element, transducers, actuators, broadband magnetic sensors, non-volatile memory elements, oscillators, phase shifters, electric field controlled ferromagnetic resonance devices, switching devices, modulation of amplitudes
Fig. 10 compares the switching instances between – (i) CSFSVPWM and VSFSVPWM, and (ii) CSFDPWM2 and VSFDPWM2. It also shows the shape of the switching frequency variation for each sector. The following can be noted: - The VSFSVPWM reduces 3 switching instances per cycle compared to CSFSVPWM, a 13.6 % reduction. - The VSFDPWM reduces 2 switching instance per cycle compared to CSFDPWM, a 12.5% reduction. Hence, the proposed variable switching frequency PWM reduces the switching instances within a
Review of Literature Target Audience The Magnetic Organizer will appeal to a young-older audience. Both boys and girls can be unorganized, and therefore the Magnetic Organizer is for both genders. The Magnetic Organizer can appeal to many students who have trouble being organized in school. Leaving folders, papers, or homework somewhere are constant struggles of students. Magnetic Organizers can be used by both amateurs and professionals as both need to be organized in order to either become a
The motor, it is used for a wide variety of purposes, it is used in cars, clocks, drills, fans, and electric toothbrushes (“Energy Transfer”). As one can tell, motors play an important part in daily life, people can’t go a day without using a product that uses a motor. Motor’s are normally used to spin a part of the item that the motor is in, but how does the motor spin the part that needs to be spun. The electric motors work by electricity and magnets working together. Once the electricity gets
>III–nitride (III–N) material systems have attracted extensive research interest in both electronics and optoelectronics, including high-electron-mobility transistors, (-- removed HTML --) (-- removed HTML --) 1 (-- removed HTML --) (-- removed HTML --) power diodes, (-- removed HTML --) (-- removed HTML --) 2–4 (-- removed HTML --) (-- removed HTML --) solid-state lighting, (-- removed HTML --) (-- removed HTML --) 5–7 (-- removed HTML --) (-- removed HTML --) photovoltaics (PV), (-- removed
A north pole and a south pole of two magnets pull together in a tight line. It takes a hard pull to rip them apart. It’s common knowledge. Opposites attract. How could such polar opposites pull together so tightly? Well, logically, opposites are able to make up for what one part may lack in. In William Shakespeare's “Romeo and Juliet”, a play around a tragic love between two teenagers, Lady Capulet, elegant and distant mother, and the Nurse, vulgar but kind caretaker, serve as a dramatic foil in