Infrared spectroscopy

Infrared Spectroscopy Organic Chemistry Lab 301A B. The purpose of this lab is to study Infrared Spectroscopy, which focuses on the study of the electromagnetic spectrum. The area to be studied is the infrared region, which is made up of gamma, X, and UV rays. We want to be able to identify spectra’s to their complementary structures. The background of this experiment particularly deals with the study of compound structure determination, and traits. We must be aware of the functional groups

Spectroscopy is a broad field of science that includes Raman Spectroscopy, Infrared Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Optical Spectroscopy and several other techniques. Although the techniques are distinct, spectroscopy essentially is how energy and matter interact with one another. Matter exhibits electromagnetic radiation that consists of wavelike properties. Ultimately, this electromagnetic radiation can assist in speculating the structure of a molecule. Infrared Spectroscopy

How does Infrared spectroscopy work? The information present in Infrared includes; the bonds present in molecules and the functional groups present. However, different members of a homologous series have the same functional groups. An example is alcohols, different alcohols have both the C – O and O – H absorptions in their IR spectra. Some bonds in a molecule vibrate more because the molecules absorb energy from infrared radiation. This energy absorbed by the molecules makes the covalent bonds

are several methods for the determination of partial oxygen saturation consumption. However, these methods are often invasive (using blood samples in cuvettes) and not continuous. This project aims to overcome this problem by the use of the near infrared

were finished. Excess methanol and cation exchange resin (Amberlite IR-120) were added to the crude products and stirred at 25 °C for 1 h. Purified PPOs were obtained after filtration and removal of methanol, and characterized by NMR (1H and 13C) spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography

parameters such as dissolution efficiency (DE), mean dissolution time (MDT), initial dissolution rate (IDR), and mean dissolution rate (MDR) were calculated to assess the dissolution profiles [29,30]. Solid state characterization Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) FTIR spectrum of the samples was recorded by KBr disc method using Perkin Elmer FT-IR Spectrometer (Paragon 1000, PerkinElmer, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) to illustrate the promising interactions among components used in the formulation

water peak. This could be due to the fact that not enough sodium sulfate was added and not for long enough. These results were confirmed by the quality tests that showed that a precipitate formed when KMnO4 was added to the solution and in the IR spectroscopy peaks showed peaks at 3022.62cm-1 which matches an alkene, further showing that the formation of 3-methylcyclohexene was successful with a percent yield of 56.46%. Introduction: The major reaction that happened was an E1 reaction (otherwise

Conversions of Alcohols to Alkyl Halides: 1-Propanol and 2-Pentanol Introduction One way scientist gets alkyl halides is by using the manipulation of an alcohol. When alcohols are treated with HBr or HCl; they can undergo a nucleophile substation reaction to generate an alkyl halide and water2. Using the structure of the alcohols they are able to use SN1 or SN2 mechanisms. For both these mechanisms though, the –OH group must be pronated shown in Figure 1. R—OH + H—Br + R—OH2 +Br- Figure

non-invasive measurement techniques. In this paper, an optical method using NIR technique based on occlusion spectroscopy is used which shows that it can be possible to measure glucose concentration in blood non-invasively. Keywords: Non-invasive, spectroscopy, euglycemia, hypoglycaemia. By using the Monte Carlo method, Katsuhiko et al. (2003) has developed a non-invasive system using near infrared [4]. To detect the glucose level, fibre optic probes was developed that consist of a source and detector

calculated as 44.89% and a sample of Aspirin was analysed using infra-red spectroscopy and compared to the spectrum of pure Aspirin, this served as an introduction to the identification of functional groups in organic compounds. The melting point was calculated using an IA9000M apparatus and recorded to be 35.2°C, which was slightly below the melting point of pure Aspirin; known to be between 138-140°C. Both IR spectroscopy and melting point measurement were used verify the purity of synthetic Aspirin