HIV Testing Essay

a positive result from an initial HIV antibody or combination antigen/antibody test plus an accompanying or subsequent positive result from a supplemental HIV test different from the initial test 1 • Current guidelines suggest using a Fourth generation assay that detects HIV p24 antigen AND HIV antibodies 19 o Positive results are confirmed by an HIV-1/HIV-2 differentiation immunoassay - If the differentiation immunoassay is indeterminate or negative, plasma HIV RNA level ("HIVviralload") should

HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, which with time will lead to AIDS. AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. HIV/AIDS is the most destructive health crisis of modern times. (“How HIV and AIDS Affect Populations”) This virus came from chimpanzees who had SIV (Simian Immunodeficiency Virus), which was transmitted to humans and mutated into HIV. (“What is HIV/AIDS?”) HIV enters the bloodstream through mucous membranes. HIV can enter through the lining of the rectum, walls of the

Introduction The prevalence of HIV in prison populations has been a growing concern as the number of infected prisoners is nearly double that of the general adult population. HIV in prison settings is a serious issue not only in the U.S but worldwide due to the commonality of high risk-behaviors among all prison populations such as rape, drug use and needle sharing, tattooing and unsafe sex practices. This makes prisons a breeding ground for the onward transmission of HIV due to the over crowdedness

to lifestyle behaviors or the utilization of medical care (Choudhury, Arjumand & Piwoo, 1997). The observe patterns in health-seeking behaviors related to HIV/AIDS among MSM examined in the studies include engagement in risky sexual behavior, voluntary HIV testing, condom use, and the utilization of HIV treatment and related health services if HIV positive. In their study, Cheng, Gipson, Perez & Cochran (2014) used data from the 2005 Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (CLHNS), a longitudinal

aged 13 years and older are living with HIV infection, including 156,300 (12.8%) who are unaware of their infection (CDC, 2014). The overall rate of infection still remains high, this increased rate is also seen in the Asian population. According to the CDC, between 2005 and 2014 the Asian population in the United States grew around 24%, more than three times as fast as the total U.S. population, and within this time period, the number of Asians receiving an HIV diagnosis increased by nearly 70% (CDC

INTRODUCTION HIV is one of the leading causes of illness in the United States. It is estimated that 1,148,200 individuals are living with HIV, with about 207,800 or 18% that are undiagnosed and 47,500 newly infected in 2010, in the United States (CDC, 2013). Although there is no cure, treatment is available through antiviral medications, but access to healthcare is often a major pitfall. Many of the behaviors that make individuals more vulnerable for HIV, such as IV drug use and illegal

The emergence of the HIV/AIDS pandemic has challenged traditional ethical values of the health care profession and this include the infectious nature of HIV, the social stigma of the disease and its ethical and legal dilemmas (Naidoo & Vernillo, 2012). Since its discovery in the early 1980s, HIV infection has become a pandemic, causing an estimated 36 million deaths (Bagby, Amadee, Siggins, Molina, Nelson & Veazey, 2015). The World Health Organization estimates that in 2012, of the 35 million people

Some estimates suggest HIV rates to be three times higher in homeless populations as compared to the general population.1 With 51% of homeless adults reporting engaging in high-risk sexual activity and a positive association between homelessness, substance abuse, and HIV risk, HIV testing is necessary for early detection and transmission prevention.2,3 An increased likelihood of annual testing is associated with more frequent encounters with medical services (eg, injection drug users), interactions

Which Populations in the United States Today, are at the Highest-Risk of HIV Infection? In the United States (US) there are currently 1.2 million people infected/living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The HIV epidemic in the US is concentrated in the following at risk populations and geographic area: (1) Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with other men of all races/ethnicities (high burden of HIV among Black gay and bisexual men), (2) Black women and men, (3) Latinos/Latinas

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the majority of people in the world living with HIV/AIDS reside in Sub-Saharan Africa. Since there is currently no vaccine to prevent the spread of the infection, there have been countless attempts in the past to control the spread of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa. There are multiple ways of infection spread in Sub-Saharan Africa. People are contracting the disease through, drug use, sexual relations, giving birth, and blood-to-blood contact