Catalytic converter

babu/M.Tech student Department of ECE VLSI&ES Machilipatnam, India p.satish605@gmail.com Abstract :A new CMOS clocked dynamic comparator using two input single output differential amplifier as latch stage suitable for high speed analog to digital converters with the performance of high speed, low power dissipation and low immune to noise. The conventional dynamic comparator requires more power and has more delay. A conventional double tail dynamic comparator consumes less power and works at high speed

multimode 50/125 optical fibre in series. Aside from a main out for the Ethernet cable there is an auxiliary out to act as redundancy in the event that the primary Ethernet cable runs into any problems. The Local Rack acts not only as another A/D Converter if any mic is connected from this point but also as the Digital Signal Processor which enables mathematical manipulation of analogue signals which

and D/A converters which help in storing of data in digital form and displaying it in analog form. The major drawbacks of using a DSO are its cost and size. It is difficult to move them from place to place for ease of work. It can be overcome by using a PC as an oscilloscope with software that acts as the interface. Many works including development of PC based virtual oscilloscopes using MATLAB has been done. The data acquisition device was fabricated using the analog to digital converters, control-logic

The proposed prediction ADC algorithm contains three key procedures: prediction, judgement, and final conversion. At the beginning, the prediction circuit generates common MSBs from a data memory that stores the digital results of the pixels in the previous row. Then the judgement circuit creates two analog boundary voltages based on the predicted MSB values and check whether the current pixel’s analog value is between the two boundary voltages based on Eq. (1). Finally, if the predicted MSB values

The INL shown in figure 3.4 describes the overall shape of an ADC transfer characteristic from the straight line drawn between end points after both the offset error and the gain error are nullified. The INL is mathematically given [36] as ; …………..……..………………(3.5) 3.1.1.4 Resolution The resolution is defined as the number of output bits of an ADC. The resolution of n-bit ADC defines how many parts the maximum signal can be divided into. The resolution is calculated by the formula 2n. The flash ADC

In our view, sensors are the “magic” of the IoT. The sensor market is enormous, with Analog Devices estimating it to approach $100 billion annually, much of which is not related to semiconductors at all. The sensor market applicable to semiconductor vendors includes micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) - based sensors, optical sensors, ambient light sensors, gesture sensors, proximity sensors, touch sensors, fingerprint sensors and more. These chips effectively detect changes in the environment

CMP-511A COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND IMPLEMENTATION ASSIGNMENT-2, PALEPU NIKHILREDDY, ID: 10000126161 Problem 2.1 A D flip-flop assumes the state of the D input. Q(t+1)=1 if D(t)=1 and Q(t+1)=0 if D(t)=0. Using a RS flip-flop construct a D flip-flop. Answer: The D flip-flop is a modification of the clocked SR flip-flop. The D input goes directly into the S input and the complement of the D input goes to the R input. If it is 1, the flip-flop is switched to the set state (unless

5 V). Low current design permits operation with typical standby and active currents of only 500 nA and 320 μA, respectively.Fig.3 shows the functional block diagram of MCP3208 ADC. Fig.3 Functional Block Diagram of MCP3208 ADC The MCP3208 A/D converters employ a conventional SAR architecture. With this architecture, a sample is acquired on an internal sample/hold capacitor for 1.5 clock cycles starting on the fourth rising edge of the serial clock after the start bit has been received. V

2 Research Motivation and Significance Applications of low-power integrated intelligent sensors [1–8] have been prolific in recent years, including, for instance, in environmental observation [9–11], security surveillance [12, 13], infrastructure monitoring and communication [14–17], and biomedical health care monitoring [18–21]. In particular, as the baby boomers approach retirement age, medical expenses become significant. For example, in 2014, health care accounted for 28% of US federal spending

IV. EARTHQUAKE ALARM STRUCTURES The earthquake alarm wireless system is divided into two parts, 1) Transmitter part (sends signal) 2) Receiver part (receive signal) Fig:2 transmitting part of a wireless earthquake system. Fig:3 receiving part of a wireless earthquake system. Here, the transmitting part includes the ADXL335 accelerometer which is mainly a analog devices and generates analog signal. It [6]and compares it with a predetermined threshold value. The