CHAPTER 3 LITERATURE REVIEW 3.1 Introduction The Al-Zn-Mg series aluminium alloys (7xxx) are the heat treatable alloys and widely applied as large structural components in navigation and transportation facilities, due to good combination of hardness, high strength and fracture toughness [1-6]. The use of Sc (scandium) to achieve grain refinement has recently received great attention. The microstructures and properties of aluminium alloys are strongly affected by adding small quantities of scandium
Precipitation hardening in 2024 Aluminum Lab Report Abstract “Age or Precipitation Hardening” effects on the 2024 Aluminum sample (Al-4%Cu) was investigated by conducting two sets of experiments on 5 samples. In the first experiment, 4 of the samples were artificially aged, and in the second experiment, only one of the 5 samples were naturally aged. In conclusion, it is concluded that the hardness of the samples is directly affected by the time and the temperature of the age hardening, so as
Human survival is dependent on myriad things, the first of which that come to mind are food, water and shelter. As the world has developed, the abundance of each of these has increased dramatically, especially in the developed world. However, along with this growing population and resource web has come a growing understanding of disease, and its impacts on the more-developed and less-developed parts of the world. Another effect of growing population is the concerning truth of climate change: changes
In some cases, lateral force shapes result to good approximation of demand displacements. Nevertheless, there has not been found any constant loading for exact approximation of local mechanisms and plastic hinges. Earthquake codes have made it mandatory to use a minimum of two lateral load patterns in nonlinear static procedure. These two load patterns are chosen to cover resulting forces in actual dynamic response of the structure. There are two load patterns which are used mostly in usual studies:
VECTOR FUNCTIONS VECTOR FUNCTIONS Motion in Space: Velocity and Acceleration In this section, we will learn about: The motion of an object using tangent and normal vectors. MOTION IN SPACE: VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION Here, we show how the ideas of tangent and normal vectors and curvature can be used in physics to study: The motion of an object, including its velocity and acceleration, along a space curve. VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION In particular, we follow in the footsteps
mathematics and to fill in the gaps in their knowledge. The author explains the basic points and a few key results of the most important undergraduate topics in mathematics, emphasizing the intuitions behind the subject. The topics include linear algebra, vector calculus, differential geometry, real analysis, point-set topology, differential equations, probability theory, complex analysis, abstract algebra, and more. An annotated bibliography offers a guide to further reading and
The drive to tennessee was too long. I don’t enjoy sitting in our sedan squeezed between my two younger siblings for 8 whole hours. As we enter the downtown area, my mother asks me to give her directions to aunt Jane’s house off of our map. “Please, can we just stop to eat? We haven’t eaten all day, we can’t take this anymore. Please, just something cheap, we left to go live down here with aunt, and gave up everything, can you just do something for us?” I begged. My mother simply stared at me, but
Ratan Tata: Leading the Tata Group into the 21st Century 1. The Tata Group has been transformed from a risk-averse, slow-moving giant into a more dynamic and aggressive conglomerate. How much of such a transformation can be attributed to one individual? Discuss the role of the leader in initiating and managing change. Answer The Tata Group transformation can be greatly attributed to the vision and execution of Ratan Tata. He was greatly responsible for the tremendous transformation because he
as gives a high dynamic performance.However it has two major drawbacks .The first one is the variation of switching frequency in accordance with the amplitude of the hysteresis bands and the motor operating speed ,also the selection of voltage vectors is not optimized inside the flux hysteresis band to
development of the graphics system. To really understand the substantial innovations that have been made, one needs to understand where the original graphics started. The original video games used vector based graphics, which uses geometric primitives to produce an image. This was common for arcade games. These vector based graphics were mainly two dimensional and had little detail. For the time that these games released it was an amazing feat of art that they could use math to produce these images and have