Harvard Medical School which tested how the uses of the internet could include proving education on preventive health measures to the public. She married Harvard geneticist and molecular biologist Matthew Meselson in 1986. He was an anti-chemical and biological weapons advocate, and with this came her interest in the manipulation of biomedical science by government weapons programs. She became involved in Meselson’s analysis of suspected abuse of international arms control contracts by the Soviet Union
Bacillus Anthracis and Biological Warfare Bacillus anthracis is a rod-shaped, nonmotile, aerobic, gram-positive bacterium that can be transmitted from herbivoric animals to humans (Figure 1). Before an animal’s death, its orifices exude blood containing huge quantities of the bacterium. Anthrax forms extremely resilient spores upon exposure to atmospheric conditions. Because of this spore-producing ability, even after the animal host dies the germs can sporulate again, persisting in the soil
“Terrorists imitate governments, and nuclear weapons are in the arsenals of the world’s major powers. That makes them ‘legitimate.’ Chemical and biological weapons also may be found in the arsenals of many nations, but their use has been widely condemned by public opinion and proscribed by treaty, although in recent years the constraints against use seem to be eroding.” 1 —Brian Michael Jenkins, former leading terrorism analyst, written in 1975. More than forty years later, it is more relevant than
Biological Weapons of Mass Destruction One of the three serious weapons used for mass destruction is biological. Historically, biological weapons are the oldest form of WMD and have been in use since the Medieval Ages. During medieval times corpses were placed on catapults and launched into an enemy 's water or food supply to poison is and cause deadly infections. As far as being used the United States, in 1763 when British officers planned to distribute blankets with smallpox (eku, 2017). In this
known as biological weapons because biological agents are used in bioweapon formation. Biological weapons are toxic materials produced from biological agents such as bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and viruses to kill humans, animals, food and food crop or plants usually on a large scale. Biological weapons are the living organism that reproduces within their host victims. Biological weapons also known as germ warfare, is the deliberate use of disease–causing organisms. The way that biological weapon is
The Use of Biological Weapons During Combat The History of Biological Weapons The Ancient Use Of Biological Warfare The use of living organisms during combat is as old as war itself. The oldest reference to the use of biological weaponry is seen in the Bible in which,“water holes [were] poisoned, infected corpses [were] fired across enemy lines and diseased prisoners [were] returned to infect their colleagues”(Lele 1). Biowarfare is universal and has been referenced in “Ancient Hindu epics like
After events such as 9/11, terrorism still instills fear into America’s population. Why? Simply because it is the one danger the American people cannot control. Biological terrorism is not always feared or worried about, but it is a genuine possibility and a lethal surprise that causes devastation. If not prepared, these deadly pathogens could easily kill large amounts of people. With tensions on the rise, what will the government or citizens do to defend themselves? If something happens, how will
anthrax. As we stand right now, America is unprepared for a large-scale attack with biological weapons, and as we continue with our "War on Terrorism," the likelihood of such an attack is increasing every day. Terrorists can use three major methods to most effectively distribute a biological agent in the US: 1) air dispersal to
the United States, because they are an ideal weapon for terrorists. There are four different kinds of these weapons; these are Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear. The one I would like to focus on are biological weapons, because they are seem the most probable. Why would I consider a biological weapon of mass destruction more probable? A biological attack is the “…intentional release of a pathogen or bio toxin….against humans plants or animals…” (Forest & Howard, 2013, p. 113). These
powerful country was brought to its knees, by a force that would be later identified as the Taliban. Imagine if the terrorists who hijacked the planes would have had a chemical or biological weapon they used during the attack. It would have cause many more deaths. The ability for the enemy to get and use chemical, biological or weapons of mass destruction is a very real threat. Every day we need to be vigilant to our enemy’s movements and never allow our guard to be down again. October 7, 2001 less