Introduction to Algorithms
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780262033848
Author: Thomas H. Cormen, Ronald L. Rivest, Charles E. Leiserson, Clifford Stein
Publisher: MIT Press
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Chapter 9.3, Problem 8E
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Let M(n) be the minimum number of comparisons needed to sort an array A with exactly n ele- ments. For example, M(1) = 0, M(2) = 1, and M(4) = 4. If n is an even number, clearly explain why M(n) = 2M(n/2) + n/2.
1.Write a Θ(n) algorithm that sorts n distinct integers, ranging in size between 1 and kn inclusive, where k is a constant positive integer. (Hint: Use a knelement array.)
2.Algorithm A performs 10n 2 basic operations, and algorithm B performs 300 ln n basic operations. For what value of n does algorithm B start to show its better performance?
3. There are two algorithms called Alg1 and Alg2 for a problem of size n. Alg1 runs in n 2 microseconds and Alg2 runs in 100n log n microseconds. Alg1 can be implemented using 4 hours of programmer time and needs 2 minutes of CPU time. On the other hand, Alg2 requires 15 hours of programmer time and 6 minutes of CPU time. If programmers are paid 20 dollars per hour and CPU time costs 50 dollars per minute, how many times must a problem instance of size 500 be solved using Alg2 in order to justify its development
Array x is [a, b, c, . . . , y] has 25 integers. To find median of medians we form five sub-arrays:
[d, c, b, e, a], [i, f, h, j, g], [1, m, k, n, o], [p, s, q, r, t], [w, x, v, u, y]. We find median
from these sub-arrays and generate new sorted array [k, h, q, b, v]. Median of new sorted array is
q, so median of medians is q. List all elements guaranteed to be greater or equal to q.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Introduction to Algorithms
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- Given an array arr[] of N non-negative integers representing the height of blocks. If width of each block is 1, compute how much water can be trapped between the blocks during the rainy season. Example 1: Input: N = 6 arr[] Output: 10 = {3,0,0,2,0,4}arrow_forwardSuppose arrays A and B are both sorted in increasing order and both contain n elements. What is the time complexity to find the median of A U B, i.e., the set of elements in A or B?arrow_forwardWrite a O(n) algorithm that sorts n distinct integers, ranging in size between 1 and kn inclusive, where k is a constant positive integer. (Hint: Use a knelement array.)arrow_forward
- H3. Let S = [x1, x2, x3, ...xn], where n ≥ 5. How many ways can you choose five of the values in the array S, given that x1 = x2 = x3 and all other xi are distinct? The order of the chosen elements does not matterarrow_forwardLet A = [2, 2, 2, ......, 2] be an array where all of the elements are equal to one another. Determine whether Selection Sort or Insertion Sort sorts this array faster and carefully proving whether each algorithm is O(n), O(n log n), or O(n^2 ).arrow_forwardLet A[1..n] be an array of n integers that each is larger than 1. give an O(n lg n)-time algorithm that decides if there are two integers x,y in A such that x=y² (multiplication takes O(1) time)arrow_forward
- We have k sorted arrays, and we know in total there are n elements in these k arrays. Design an algorithm to sort all n items in one single array. What is the time complexity?arrow_forwardLet M(n) be the minimum number of comparisons needed to sort an array A with exactly n elements. For example, M(1) = 0, M(2) 1, and M(4) = 4. If n is an even number, clearly explain why M(n) = 2M(n/2) + n/2. Please Use the master of theorem.arrow_forwardThe following algorithm returns the position of the largest element in the array S. Write a recurrence equation for the number of comparisons tn needed to find the largest element. Use induction to show that the equation has the solution tn = n − 1. The top-level call is max position (1, n).arrow_forward
- Algorithm computeSpans1(P):Input: An n-element array P of numbersOutput: An n-element array S of numbers such that S[i] is the span of the stock on day i.arrow_forwardLet A be an array, where each of the n elements is a randomly chosen digit between 0 and 9. For example, if n = 12, this array could be A = [3, 5, 1, 0, 5, 7, 9, 2, 2, 8, 8, 6]. Determine whether Counting Sort or Merge Sort sorts this array faster and proving whether each algorithm is O(n), O(n log n), or O(n^2).arrow_forwardThe code for Algorithm computeSpan2(P):Input: An n-element array P of numbersOutput: An n-element array S of numbers such that S[i] is the span of the stock on day i.arrow_forward
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