Chapter 4, Problem 4.18QAP

Consider a 0.33 M solution of the diprotic acid H2X. H2X H+(aq)+ HX(aq)Ka1=3.3 10 4 HX H+(aq)+ X2(aq)Ka2=9.7 10 8 Calculate the pH of the solution and estimate [HX-] and [X2-].

The weak base, CIO (hypochlorite ion), is used in the form of NaCIO as a disinfectant in swimming pools and water treatment plants. What are the concentrations of HCIO and OH and the pH of a 0.015 M solution of NaCIO?

The pH scale for acidity is defined by pH = - log1o H+] where H is the concentration of hydrogen ions measured in moles per liter (M). (A) The pH of ammonia is 11.0. Calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter (M). [H*] M (B) The pH of apples is 3.0. Calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter (M). [H*] = M

Determine the pH of each of the following solutions. (a) 0.826 M hydrocyanic acid (HCN) (weak acid with K₂ = 4.9e-10). 5.81 (b) 0.656 M hypobromous acid (weak acid with K₂ = 2.5e-09). (c) 0.673 M pyridine (weak base with Kb = 1.7e-09).

The pH scale for acidity is defined by pH log10 H* where H is the concentration of hydrogen ions measured in moles per liter (M). (A) The pH of egg whites is 8.3. Calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter (M). [H*] = M (B) The pH of lemon juice is 2.0. Calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter (M). [H+] = M

Acidity of a solution is determined by the concentration H of hydrogen ions in the solution (measured in moles per liter of solution). Chemists use the negative of the logarithm of the concentration of hydrogen ions to define the pH scale, as shown in the following formula. pH = -log (H) Lower pH values indicate a more acidic solution. (a) Normal rain has a pH value of 5.6. Rain in the eastern United States often has a pH level of 3.8. How much more acidic is this than normal rain? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) 63.10 times as acidic as normal rain (b) If the pH of water in a lake falls below a value of 5, fish often fail to reproduce. How much more acidic is this than normal water with a pH of 5.6? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) * times as acidic as normal water

Acidity of a solution is determined by the concentration H of hydrogen ions in the solution (measured in moles per liter of solution). Chemists use the negative of the logarithm of the concentration of hydrogen ions to define the pH scale, as shown in the following formula. pH = - log (H) Lower pH values indicate a more acidic solution. (a) Normal rain has a pH value of 5.6. Rain in the eastern United States often has a pH level of 3.8. How much more acidic is this than normal rain? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) times as acidic as normal rain(b) If the pH of water in a lake falls below a value of 5, fish often fail to reproduce. How much more acidic is this than normal water with a pH of 5.6? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) times as acidic as normal water

Acidity of a solution is determined by the concentration H of hydrogen ions in the solution (measured in moles per liter of solution). Chemists use the negative of the logarithm of the concentration of hydrogen ions to define the pH scale, as shown in the following formula. pH = - log (H) Lower pH values indicate a more acidic solution. (a) Normal rain has a pH value of 5.6. Rain in the eastern United States often has a pH level of 3.8. How much more acidic is this than normal rain? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) (b) If the pH of water in a lake falls below a value of 5, fish often fail to reproduce. How much more acidic is this than normal water with a pH of 5.6? (Round your answer to two decimal places.)

What is the basis for referring to the hydrogen ion as a proton? (a) The Arrhenius definition of an acid. (b) The Brønsted-Lowry definition of an acid x (c) The Lewis definition of an acid. (d) H* exists as a bare proton. (e) None of these.