Pearson eText Human Anatomy -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135273005
Author: Elaine Marieb, Patricia Wilhelm
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 2CRCAQ
Insufficient folic acid in the early weeks of pregnancy can result in neural tube deficits in the developing embryo. Why is it important that a woman take folic acid supplements prior to becoming pregnant?
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Pearson eText Human Anatomy -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 3 - Dining which prenatal period is the basic body...Ch. 3 - Which abdominal structures form from the inner...Ch. 3 - Using directional terms (Table 1.1), describe the...Ch. 3 - Describe gastrulation. During which week of...Ch. 3 - What structure induces the formation of the neural...Ch. 3 - Which type or types of mesoderm Cluster into...Ch. 3 - After folding takes place, which embryonic germ...Ch. 3 - Does endoderm form the inner Iining of the inner...Ch. 3 - Which part of the somite forms the vertebrae and...Ch. 3 - What does the splanchnic lateral plate mesoderm...
Ch. 3 - A birth defect in the heart is caused by a...Ch. 3 - Why is respiratory distress common in babies born...Ch. 3 - 1ndicate whether each of the following relates to...Ch. 3 - The outer layer of the blastocyst, which attaches...Ch. 3 - Most birth defects can be traced to disruption of...Ch. 3 - The primary germ layer that forms the trunk...Ch. 3 - Each embryonic structure in column B with its...Ch. 3 - Match each date in column B [approximate time...Ch. 3 - It is currently possible to save some premature...Ch. 3 - Somites are evidence of (a) a structure from...Ch. 3 - Which of the following embryonic structures are...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10RQCh. 3 - When it is 1.5 months old, an average embryo is...Ch. 3 - Gastrulation is the (a) formation of three germ...Ch. 3 - The epiblast forms (a) only the ectoderm, (b) the...Ch. 3 - The limbs develop during the (a) start of the...Ch. 3 - The notochord develops primarily from (a)...Ch. 3 - The fetal period is (a) the �rst 8 weeks of...Ch. 3 - What important event occurs at the primitive...Ch. 3 - What is the function of the amniotic sac and the...Ch. 3 - (a) What is mesenchyme? (b) How does it differ...Ch. 3 - Explain how the flat embryonic disc takes on the...Ch. 3 - In anatomy lab, Thaya pointed to the vertebrae of...Ch. 3 - Neural crest is the one embryonic tissue that is...Ch. 3 - Many embryonic events �rst occur cranially, then...Ch. 3 - Prob. 24RQCh. 3 - Differentiate the outer tube from the inner tube....Ch. 3 - Before Delta studied embryology in her anatomy...Ch. 3 - A friend in your dormitory, a freshman, tells you...Ch. 3 - Insufficient folic acid in the early weeks of...Ch. 3 - Your cat finds a large ball of string and starts...Ch. 3 - When is the earliest time the sex of a fetus can...
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- Why does continued breastfeeding decrease the chance of pregnancy? (Hint: Think about the effect the breastfeeding hormones have on estrogens and progesterone.)?arrow_forwardWhen the fetus is fully developed and takes up the maximum amount of space in the uterus, the pressure that it inflicts upon the cervix activates stretch receptors to send a signal to the hypothalamus (a structure within the brain). The brain responds by producing oxytocin, which is then released by the pituitary gland (an endocrine organ in the brain). Oxytocin travels through the bloodstream; when it reaches the uterus, it signals through myometrial (uterine smooth muscle) oxytocin receptors. Activation of the oxytocin receptors on myometrial tissue causes a signaling cascade that results in the cell producing prostaglandins that facilitate myometrial contraction (Figure 2).. Contraction of myometrial tissue then reduces the intrauterine space, causing the fully developed fetus to inflict more pressure on the cervix, thus repeating this process until the fetus is delivered. a) Fetal delivery is an example of which type of feedback loop? b) What type of sensory receptor is the…arrow_forwardDescribe the development of reproductive organs in a fetus of each gender. Which genes, gene products, and hormones are involved in the sex differences? Which sex- related hormones are circulating in high concentrations in a pregnant woman compared to a nonpregnant woman? Do these hormones cross the placenta (if you are uncertain, consider hormone chemical class relative to membrane permeability to make an educated guess)? Assuming these hormones do cross the placenta, how do they affect the hormonal environment inside the fetus, and how does this relate to fetal reproductive development?arrow_forward
- Describe the hormones that affect mammary gland development during pregnancy.arrow_forwardWhich of the following represents a common metabolic or physiological change that occurs in pregnancy? Question 21 options: a) An increase in urine production b) An increase in respiratory rate c) An increase in blood pressure d) A decrease in thyroid functionarrow_forwardWhy does testing for hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)work as a pregnancy test early in pregnancy but not late inpregnancy? What is the function of hCG in pregnancy?arrow_forward
- Seeing that the placenta acts as a barrier protecting the baby from harmful substances the mother may consume, how come some babies develop ailments like Fetal Alcohol Syndrome? Are there some substances that render the protective function of the placenta less useful than required?arrow_forwardWhat is the role of the HCG hormone in pregnancy?arrow_forwardA couple living in Florida is trying to have a baby, but they are having trouble getting pregnant. The male is very light skinned yet enjoys spending as much time as possible outdoors in the sun. From the male's perspective, why might he be contributing to the trouble with getting pregnant? Excessive ultraviolet light exposure can reduce folate levels, and folate is required for normal sperm development. Excessive heat from the sunlight inhibits normal sperm production; thus, he probably does not have enough sperm. The male does not have enough melanin production to support normal sperm development. Excessive sunlight exposure can rapidly increase folate levels, which then inhibits normal sperm development. Normal sperm development occurs best in colder temperatures; thus, living in Florida he has a reduced chance of getting his partner pregnant.arrow_forward
- Describe the role of progesterone in early pregnancy.arrow_forwardSuppose that in the near future, you are a prenatal care provider. In the most recent ultrasound checkup on the expecting mother, you unfortunately found that the fetus is suffering a neural tube defect in the form of anencephaly. Seeing as the mother is still in the 12th week of pregnancy or the 1st trimester, the pregnancy can still be terminated via medical means. How would you explain to the parents the situation they are in?arrow_forwardDrinking alcohol during pregnancy can lead to fetal alcohol syndrome, a condition that can cause heart defects, damage to the central nervous system, deformed limbs, slow growth, and abnormal facial features. Explain how the ingested alcohol is transferred from mother to fetus.arrow_forward
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