BIOLOGY CONNECT ACCESS CARD
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781264037452
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 26, Problem 1A
Summary Introduction
Introduction: HIV refers to the human immunodeficiency virus that causesacquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) in humans. This virus attacks the immune system of the body and interferes with the body’s ability to fight against infections.
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Prior to entry, the _________ glycoprotein of the HIV virus recognizes the ______ receptor on the surface of the macrophage.
a. CCR5; gp120
b. CXCR4; CCR5
c. CD4; CCR5
d. gp120; CD4
We are confronted with a new RNA virus that uses x-proteins to attach to host cells and primarily infects liver cells. Based on this we would expect: (2 answers only)
a. possible latent infections
b. viral susceptibility to valacyclovir
c. viral suspeptibility to RNA->RNA pol inhibitor
d. symptoms of hepatits
To infect their specific host cells, viruses go through these chronological steps EXCEPT
a.
Release of progeny viruses
b.
Absorption and penetration of the viral particles
c.
Uncoating of the nucleic acid of the viral particles
d.
Synthesis and assembly of viral particle components
Chapter 26 Solutions
BIOLOGY CONNECT ACCESS CARD
Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 26.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 26.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 26.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 26.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 26.3 - Describe how viruses can contribute DNA to their...Ch. 26.4 - Describe the differences between acute and...Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 26.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 26.5 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 26 - Prob. 1UCh. 26 - Prob. 2UCh. 26 - Prob. 3UCh. 26 - Prob. 4UCh. 26 - Why is a drug that blocks HIV binding to one of...Ch. 26 - Prob. 6UCh. 26 - Prob. 7UCh. 26 - Prob. 1ACh. 26 - Prob. 2ACh. 26 - Prob. 3ACh. 26 - Prob. 4ACh. 26 - Prob. 5ACh. 26 - Prob. 6ACh. 26 - Prob. 7ACh. 26 - E. coli lysogens derived from infection by phage ...Ch. 26 - Prob. 2SCh. 26 - Prob. 3SCh. 26 - Prob. 4SCh. 26 - Prob. 5S
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- Identify the statement that does not provide accurate evidence as to why HIV is so lethal. a. During the course of infection, HIV increases immune activation by altering intestinal physiology to let more microbes into the blood supply. b. Immune evasion increases in many infections due to HIV virions evolving new and unrecognizable epitopes (antigens). c. In many individuals the virus population evolves to use different receptors to gain access to a greater diversity of host immune cells. d. HIV causes enhanced replication and proliferation of T cells, which allows the immune system to work better at defending against pathogens.arrow_forwardExplain HIV is so difficult to treat. Why antiviral medication is a cocktail/mixture of different antiviral medications and how might they work to fight off the infection?arrow_forwardWhich pertains to the immune response of a woman who has just inhaled a coronavirus to which she has no immunity. A.an immune response will begin once the antigen enters lymphoid tissues as the lymph nodes B. IgA directed toward this coronavirus will be immediately present in respiratory secretions C. each Ab produced against an epitope of the coronavirus will have identical binding sites D. only B lymphocytes will be capable of responding to the coronavirus E. only IgM will be produced in the initial response.arrow_forward
- Which of the following events occurs in the lytic cycle of bacteriophage T4 infection but NOT in the lysogenic cycle? a.both digestion of host DNA and viral proteins synthesis b.attachment c.viral protein synthesis d.digestion of host DNA e.entryarrow_forwardPeople with the CCR5Δ32 mutation of a T-cell surface protein can be exposed to some strains of HIV-1 without becoming sick. What step of the virus life cycle is likely to be inhibited with this mutation? a. Release b. Reverse transcription c. Uncoating d. Attachmentarrow_forwardWhy are vaccines and/or passive immunization the method of choice in the treatment or prevention of viral infections? A. There are no known inhibitors to reverse transcription B. Viruses are non-living and do not have their own genetic mechanisms to reproduce by themselves hence host cells must rely on targeting the virus or their products. C. Antibodies prevent replication of viral genome D. Antibodies prevent transcription and translation of viral genomes E. All of thesearrow_forward
- Some drugs that inhibit HIV proliferation are inhibitors of HIV protease. Explain how these drugs would help to stop the spread of HIV.arrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. virus b. virion c. capsid d. retrovirus e. enveloped virusarrow_forwardWhat are the key differences in the invasion of cells by: a. HIV b. Adenovirus c. Anthrax d. SARS-CoV-2 e. MERSarrow_forward
- Medications that prevent and treat influenza by binding to neuraminidase on the viral surface act against all the kinds of influenza viruses that infect humans. What does this imply about the nature of the interaction between the medications and the neuraminidase molecules?arrow_forwardDescribe the ways in which each of the following pathogens can disarm their host’s immune system or manipulate it to their own advantage:a. Pathogenic strains of Staphylococcusb. Enveloped virusesarrow_forwardIdentify the mismatched pair. a. CXCR4: lymphocyte tropic b. exogenous retrovirus: originates outside host’s body c. infectious virion production: activated CD4 T cells d. tat: controls export of transcripts from the nucleus e. lentivirus: long incubation period f. CCR5: macrophage tropic.arrow_forward
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