Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Whether the given structure of fucose is
Concept Introduction:
Enantiomers are the non-super imposable mirror images of each other. Enantiomers rotate the plane of polarization in opposite direction but by the same amount. The compound becomes optically inactive.
(b)
Interpretation:
The given structure of fucose is
Concept Introduction:
The carbohydrate can have either
(c)
Interpretation:
Whether fucose is an aldose, ketose or neither of them is to be stated.
Concept Introduction:
Carbohydrates can either be aldose or ketose. Carbohydrates which contain
(d)
Interpretation:
Fischer projection of the carbonyl group of the given carbohydrate is to be shown.
Concept Introduction:
Fischer projection is used to represent a three dimensional structure of compound in two dimensional plane. The Fischer projection is drawn by taking chiral carbons into consideration. The chiral carbons of the molecule are represented by the intersection of two lines in Fischer projection. The groups attached to the chiral carbon are attached to that intersection point. The D or L form is decided on the basis of the attachment of the hydroxyl group on the chiral carbon which is farthest from the carbonyl carbon.
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EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- Draw the structures (using chair conformations of pyranoses) of the following disaccharides.(a) 4-O-(a-d-glucopyranosyl)-d-galactopyranose(arrow_forwardLactose is a disaccharide in which a glycosidic linkage connects the monosaccharides galactose and glucose. OH НО OH (a) Identify the glycosidic linkage and the acetal carbon in lactose. (b) What type of glycosidic linkage does lactose have (i.e., is it 1,1'-, 1,2'-, etc., and is it a or B)? (c) People who are lactose intolerant are deficient in the enzyme lactase, and therefore cannot efficiently break down the disaccharide into its monosaccharides. When lactose is treated with aqueous acid, however, this hydrolysis can take place, though relatively slowly. Draw the complete, detailed mechanism and the products of the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of lactose. Но ОН НО ОН ОН Lactosearrow_forwardIndicate the position of the following functional groups in the disaccharide drawn below [they may not all be present !!]. (a) primary alcohol (b) ether (c) secondary alcohol (d) acetal (e) aldehyde (f) tertiary alcohol (g) hemiacetal (h) ketone CH2OH он он CH2OH он но он он Draw the structures of the product monosaccharides obtained after hydrolysis of the above disaccharide.arrow_forward
- Draw the structure of: (a) a polysaccharide formed by joining D-mannose units in 1->4-ß-glycosidic linkages; (b) a polysaccharide formed by joining D-glucose units in 1->6-a-glycosidic linkages. The polysaccharide in (b) is dextran, a component of dental plaque.arrow_forward(d) Draw the structure of the expected product when monosaccharide B undergo mutarotation upon dissolving in water in the presence of Tollens reagent (AGNO3, NHẠOH). он OH O. OH OH OH monosaccharide Barrow_forwardCellulose is treated with methanol, which methylates the reducing end of polysaccharides. (a) How many methyl groups would be incorporated per cellulose chain? Explain. (b) Relative to cellulose, how many methyl groups would be incorporated in a molecule of amylopectin? (more, less or the same?) Explain. (c) Cellulose is treated with dimethyl sylfate, which adds a methyl group to all free hydroxyl groups. The cellulose is then hydrolyzed to release all of its monosacharides. Draw the structure of the resulting monosaccharidearrow_forward
- (d) Use the diagram below to complete the cyclic alpha form of structure V (e) Circle the hemiacetal in cyclic alpha form of structure V. (f) Redraw the cyclic alpha form of structure V but replace the OH group on the anomericcarbon with a methoxy group. Is this modified monosaccharide a reducing sugar or anonreducing sugar?arrow_forward1 Draw D- glucose in a Fischer Projection. 2 Draw alpha-D- glucose and in the Hayworth (ring ) structure. 3 Draw the hydrolysis of maltose- the disaccharide composed of alpha D glucose molecules. 4 What is the chemical difference between cellulose and amylose NOTE- please dont explain too much explain to the pointarrow_forwardWhich statement about saccharides is correct? (A). Alpha anomers are more common than beta anoomers. (B). Two monosaccharides can form a disaccharide and oxygen. (C). Polysaccharides with alpha or beta glycosidic linkages have the different properties. (D). Disaccharides can be cyclic or acyclic.arrow_forward
- my question : Draw a three-dimensional line structure of the Fischer projection (a) using the template (c) fischer projection a is the monosaccharide but just in a different format which doesnt really matter. please just use template to show me the fischer projection of the monosaccharidearrow_forwardConsider N-acetyl-d-glucosamine Q.) Draw a chair conformation for the disaccharide formed by joining two units of the pyranose form of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine by a b-1,4-glycosidic bond. If you draw this correctly, you have the structural formula for the repeating dimer of chitin, the structural polysaccharide component of the shell of lobsters and other crustaceans.arrow_forwardI) Draw a proper Fischer projection for the following molecule. Assign each stereogenic carbon as either (R) or (S) and determine if the molecule is either a (D) or (L)-sugar, is this aldose or ketose? ОН он он ОНarrow_forward
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning