COSMIC PERSPECTIVE
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134073842
Author: Bennett
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 48EAP
Be sure to show all calculations clearly and state your final answers in complete sentences.
48. Background
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
38. The Cosmic Microwave Background is remarkable in many ways. Let's illustrate this by personalizing the CMB a bit.
a) Imagine that the Earth is a sphere with a radius equal to its actual equatorial radius (The radius of Earth at the equator is 3,963 miles (6,378 kilometers). If the radius of the Earth is assumed to be constant to the same level of uniformity as the temperature fluctuations of the CMB—that is, to one part in 100,000—then how high would the highest mountains be relative to the mean surface radius of the Earth?
b) Calculate the ratio of the age of the Universe when the CMB was created and the age of the Universe today (in late 2021). If a person is 20 years old, What was their age relative to their current age adopting that fraction? Give the result in hours.
Hubble's First Attempt. Edwin Hubble's first attempt to measure the universe's expansion rate was flawed because the standard candles he was using were not properly calibrated. Look at (Figure 1)
a.Estimate the value of Ho corresponding to the solid line in the figure. Express your answer kilometers per second per million light-years to two significant figures.
b.What is the approximate age of the universe indicated by that erroneous value of Ho? Express your answer in years to one significant figure.
Please answer fast
1. Lambda and Vacuum Energy
Analze the relationship between Lambda (on one side of Einstein's equation) and vacuum energy (on the other side), including the implied equation of state and how it evolves with time.
2. Growth of Clustering
Describe how clustering of mass and, therefore, galaxies grows. How could observations of galaxy clustering at different redshift be combined to constrain cosmological parameters?
Chapter 22 Solutions
COSMIC PERSPECTIVE
Ch. 22 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 22 - Prob. 2VSCCh. 22 - Prob. 3VSCCh. 22 - Explain what we mean by the Big Bang theory.Ch. 22 - Prob. 2EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 3EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 4EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 5EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 6EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 7EAP
Ch. 22 - 8. Why do we think there was slightly more matter...Ch. 22 - 9. How long did the era of nucleosynthesis last?...Ch. 22 - 10. When we observe the cosmic microwave...Ch. 22 - 11. Briefly describe how the cosmic microwave...Ch. 22 - 12. How does the chemical abundance of helium in...Ch. 22 - Prob. 13EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 14EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 15EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 16EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 17EAPCh. 22 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 22 - Prob. 19EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 20EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 21EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 22EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 23EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 24EAPCh. 22 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 22 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 22 - Prob. 27EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 28EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 29EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 30EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 31EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 32EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 33EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 34EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 35EAPCh. 22 - Unanswerd Questions. Briefly describe one...Ch. 22 - Prob. 37EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 38EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 39EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 40EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 41EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 42EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 43EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 44EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 45EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 46EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 47EAPCh. 22 - Be sure to show all calculations clearly and state...Ch. 22 - Prob. 49EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 50EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 51EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 52EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 53EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 54EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 55EAPCh. 22 - Prob. 56EAP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Read the questions slowly and answer with precise and long details about each of the questions. Answer correctly and follow my guidelines for a long and wonderful review after results. Your target/main observable galaxy is the whirlpool galaxy. Target: Whirlpool Galaxy Object Type: Galaxy Distance: 37 million light-years Constellation: Canes VenaticiDO NOT COPY AND PASTE OTHER WORK OR THINGS FROM THE INTERNET, use your own words. In 500 words, compare and contrast the specific object to at least 2 other objects in its sourceclass (eg. if it's an isolated star, to different types of isolated stars). Explain both observational andphysical differences, as well as what the comparison teaches us about the source class in general.arrow_forwardRead each question carefully and choose the letter of the best answer. Use the following choices to answer questions 1-3. a. nebula nucleosynthesis b. supernova nucleosynthesis c. stellar nucleosynthesis d. big bang nucleosynthesis 1. Which process is probable to produce the heaviest element? 2. When are hydrogen and helium formed? 3. When are carbon and oxygen formed? 4. What elements will be produced when carbon undergoes fusion reactions? a. hydrogen and helium b. beryllium and hydrogen C. oxygen and neon d. xenon and gold 5. When does a massive star enter the stage of becoming a supernova? a. when the star has used up all its hydrogen fuel b. when the star has burned all its oxygen C. when the chromium fusion stop 6. Which of the following describes stellar nucleosynthesis? a. It is the formation of light elements such as hydrogen and helium. b. It is the process by which elements are produced in gas clouds. c. It is the formation of elements during a supernova explosion. d. It is…arrow_forwardQuestion A7 State three pieces of evidence that support the idea that the Universe began in a hot Big Bang, and explain how each piece of evidence supports the hot Big Bang model. Describe the ob- servational evidence that supports the idea that the Universe is pervaded by Dark Energy, and explain why each piece of evidence you cite supports the Dark Energy model.arrow_forward
- 2. A galaxy cluster has a galaxy behind it whose image we see as being smeared out and curved, with an angular radius of curvature on the sky of θE. The background galaxy is at redshift zgal and the cluster is at zclust. What is the mass of the cluster in solar masses? Give your response in scientific notation with one decimal place. (The Hubble constant is of course 70 km/s/Mpc, and you can assume the Hubble law for these low redshifts). Values: zgal = 0.11 zclust = 0.07 θE = 117.4 arcsecondsarrow_forwardThe Milky Way grew through merging with many smaller galaxies. What are the observational signatures of this process? O The motion of old stars in the bulge and halo of our galaxy are randomly orientated, meaning they were formed from collisions of small, accreted, galaxies all on different paths. O The ordered motion of the bulge / halo stars means that they came from many objects. The random motions of stars in the disk means it was formed from collisions of small, accreted, galaxies. O The motion of young stars in the disk are all in the same direction, meaning they came in as seperate objects.arrow_forwardState three pieces of evidence that support the idea that the Universe began in a hot Big Bang, and explain how each piece of evidence supports the hot Big Bang model. Describe the ob- servational evidence that supports the idea that the Universe is pervaded by Dark Energy, and explain why each piece of evidence you cite supports the Dark Energy model.arrow_forward
- As we discussed, clouds are made of a great many small drops. Really - a great many. Imagine a liquid cloud that fills a volume of 1 km3. The clouds contains 100 drops per cubic centimeter; for the sake of argument assume that each is 10 microns (micrometers) in radius. A. How many drops does the cloud contain? Compare this to a big number - say, the number of stars in the galaxy. B. What mass of water does the cloud contain? Compare this to something big - elephants, trucks, that sort of thing. C. What fraction of the cloud volume is filled with condensed water? One way to approach this is to compare the density of the suspended liquid water to the density of the surrounding air. D. How many 1 mm drizzle drops could you make from all the cloud drops? E. How much energy was released when this water condensed from vapor to liquid? If the water condensed in 20 minutes (a reasonable lifetime for a small cloud), what was the (energy per time)? powerarrow_forwardThe matter density in the Universe today is Pm = -27 kg m-3. What would 2.7 x 10 be the value of the density parameter, 2o, if the Hubble constant had the value Ho = 38 km/s/Mpc? Assume the Universe does not contain dark energy and choose the option below that best matches your answer. Select one: O a. 0.1 O b. 2. О с. 1. O d. 0.7 О е. 0.5arrow_forwardSuppose we look at two distant galaxies: Galaxy 1 is twice as far away as Galaxy 2. In this case, A. Galaxy 1 must be twice as big as Galaxy 2. B. we are seeing Galaxy 1 as it looked at an earlier time in the history of the universe than Galaxy 2. C. we are seeing Galaxy 1 as it looked at a later time in the history of the universe than Galaxy 2. D. Galaxy 2 must be twice as old as Galaxy 1.arrow_forward
- Astronomy Question: Read the questions slowly and answer with precise and long details about each of the questions. Answer correctly and follow my guidelines for a long and wonderful review after results. Your target/main observable galaxy is the whirlpool galaxy. Target: Whirlpool Galaxy Object Type: Galaxy Distance: 37 million light-years Constellation: Canes Venatici. DO NOT COPY AND PASTE OTHER WORK OR THINGS FROM THE INTERNET, use your own words. In 500 words, please explain the relevance of this object to the physics course material in university andits importance to astronomy. (Some question you may seek to answer are: What beyond the objectitself is learned by studying this class of objects? What sorts of telescopes and observations would beneeded for more detailed, broader reaching studies of this source and objects of its nature?)arrow_forwardPlease answer within 90 minutes.arrow_forwardDescribe what is meant by Olbers’ paradox. Explain how it is solved by our modern understanding of the Universe.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
AstronomyPhysicsISBN:9781938168284Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. WolffPublisher:OpenStax
Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course ...PhysicsISBN:9781305960961Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana BackmanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Astronomy
Physics
ISBN:9781938168284
Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher:OpenStax
Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course ...
Physics
ISBN:9781305960961
Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher:Cengage Learning
General Relativity: The Curvature of Spacetime; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7V3koyL7Mc;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY