BIOLOGY: HOW LIFE WORKS (LOOSE-LEAF)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781319449568
Author: Morris
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 20.2, Problem 6SAQ
Summary Introduction
Mutation is whether neural, deleterious, and advantageous and it is the source of variation in hereditary. Generating inferences about the process of evolution from the
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BIOLOGY: HOW LIFE WORKS (LOOSE-LEAF)
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- While studying the frequency of sickle-cell disease ("sickle cell anemia") in a population living in sub-Saharan Africa, you obtain the following data from a sample of n= 100 people (note that I chose a simpler system for identifying the alleles rather than using "Hb S" for sickle cell allele), which is the actual name and what you used in lab). What is the frequency of the sickle cell allele (b) in the sample below from a human population? Sample Data BB-60 individuals (No sickle cell disease) Bb-30 individuals (No sickle cell disease) bb-10 individuals (Sickle cell disease) 1. 0.25 2. 0.10 3. 0.35 4. 0.60 5. 0.20arrow_forwardNieman-Pick Syndrome involves a defective enzyme, sphyngomylinase. It is usually fatal before the age of 3. The defective allele frequency is 0.01 in Ashkenazi populations. Let’s call the healthy allele A, and the lethal allele a. a) What is the frequency of allele A? Assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, how many people do you expect to have the three genotypes in a population of 10,000? b) AA:_______ c) Aa:________ d) aa:_________arrow_forwardThis lab exercise requires that we count certain Mendelian traits among students present in the lab. Your professor will explain each trait being addressed and will then ask students to identify if they are dominant or recessive for that specific trait. The collected traits will then be plugged into the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium formula in order to calculate frequency of Homozygous dominant, Heterozygous and Homozygous recessive individuals in the same. p2 + 2pq + q2 = 100 given data: trait: hair swirl 19 individuals total. 10 had the homozygous dominant hair swirl trait: clockwise the nine other were recessive please do a step by step explanation with the calculation using this data, as I am very unfamiliar with what values mean what and the equation itself thank you!arrow_forward
- In a certain population of frogs, 120 are green, 60 are brownish-green, and 20 are brown. The allele for brown is denoted GB, and the allele for green is designated GG. These two alleles are incompletely dominant to each other. What is the frequency of genotype GGGG in this population?arrow_forwardWhat evolutionary factors can cause allele frequencies to change and possibly lead to a genetic polymorphism? Discuss the relative importance of each type of process.arrow_forwardCystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder that affects 1 in 3 000 newborns with Caucasian background. It causes thick mucus build up in various organs and can cause damages and problems in respiratory and digestive systems. a) What is the frequency of the cystic fibrosis allele in the Caucasian population? Show all your work and express your answer as a value between 0 and 1 rounded to two decimal places. b) What percentage of the Caucasian population would be carriers for cystic fibrosis? Show all your work and express your answer rounded to two decimal places. c)If two individuals are carriers of the cystic fibrosis allele, what is the probability that they would have a girl without cystic fibrosis? Show all your work (including the Punnett square) and express your answer as a value between 0 and 1 rounded to two decimal places.arrow_forward
- What is meant by recessive allele? Explain with help of an example.arrow_forwardFor a gene existing in two alleles, what are the allele frequencies when the heterozygote frequency is at its maximum value, assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? What if there are three alleles?arrow_forwardSnow geese (Chen caerulescens) come in two color types, white “snows” and “blues” with dark bodies. A single gene controls coloration, where the dark (“blue”) allele (D) is dominant. Researchers using genetic testing are able to determine the following numbers of individuals of each genotype in another population of geese: DD = 10576, Dd = 14503, dd = 4922. -According to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the expected number of individuals of genotype DD? -Calculate the chi-square statistic from these data. What is the value of the chi-square statistic?arrow_forward
- If the frequency of allele A (p) is: p = 98 / 134 ≈ 0.731 and the frequency of allele B (q) is: q = [(6 * 2) + 24] / (67 * 2) = 36 / 134 ≈ 0.269, how do I calculate the sum of frequencies of all alleles?arrow_forwardThere are two types of alleles: Type B1 and Type B2 (In total there are 10) Type B1 has 6 Type B2 has 4 Question: What is the probability of an individual in the offspring generation being homozygous [p^2] for B1? What is the probability of an individual in the offspring generation being homozygous [q^2] for B2? What is the probability of an individual in the offspring gen being heterozygous[2pq]?arrow_forwardin the Hardy-Weinberg equation, what do the terms p2, q2, and 2pq represent, in terms of the genetic structure of a population?arrow_forward
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