Chapter 18.16, Problem 36P

10. Draw the reaction of Galactose with Benedict solution. Answer the following questions based on these structures. Here is the terminology you can use to describe the relationships. Structural isomers, Enantiomers, Diastereomers, and no relationship. CHO CHO -H H- Н- CHO HO-H OH H- НО- Н- Н- OH OH CH₂OH CHO H H -ОН -ОН но- Н- CH₂OH H -ОН CH2OH 2 Н- Н- но- НО- CHO -ОН -ОН -H -H CH2OH 8 НО Н- H- НО- -ОН -Н CH₂OH 3 CH₂OH 7 11. What is the relationship between 1 and 4? 12. What is the relationship between 1 and 3? 13. What is the relationship between 1 and 5? 14. What is the relationship between 2 and 9? Н- но 15. What is the relationship between 4 and 10? 16. What is the relationship between 5 and 6? ОН 17. What is the relationship between 2 and 10? CH2OH -ОН -Н CH2OH 9 НО- Н- Н- CH2OH :0 -H OH OH CH2OH 4 НО- НО- Н- H- но- но- CH2OH H——OH -Н -Н CH₂OH 10 H H OH OH CH₂OH 5 Н- но- но- Н- CHO -OH -H H -OH CH2OH 6

Question 21 Match the structures with the description NH NH CHO CH HO CH, HO HỌ CH, NICH H. ocit, CH, он он HO но- HO HO он CH2 OH >

7. What is one chemical test that can distinguish between ethanol and acetone. Indicate the compound that will have a positive result to the test, if there is. 8. What is one chemical test that can distinguish between maltose and sucrose. Indicate the compound that will have a positive result to the test, if there is.

What is the glycosidic linkage present in the dissacharide?   A. α-(1→6)-α B. β-(2→1)-α C. α-(1→6)-β  D. α-(2→1)-β

C. Trehalose and isomaltose are both dimers of glucose. However, they have considerably different reactivities. Concisely explain why these differences are observed. OH HO но но. HO HO OH Но- он но OH HO НО trehalose isomaltose 1. Isomaltose is a reducing sugar while trehalose is not. 2. Trehalose is very resistant to acid hydrolysis while isomaltose can be acid-hydrolyzed with ease.

Draw the structure of each type of compound. a. a D-aldotriose b. an L-ketohexose c. a four-carbon aldonic acid

a. Classify this sugar based on its structural characteristics. A possible answer might look something like D-aldopentose. Н ОН Н CH2OH ОН OH

16.60 Draw the condensed structural formulas for the products from each of the following reactions: (16.2, 16.3) a. CH3-C-OH + NAOH → b. CH3-C-OH + H,O 2 ОН + КОН

2. Draw the structure of the disaccharide a -glycosyl(1-6)-galactose in the B anomeric form and circle the part of this structure that makes the compound a reducing sugar.